Phylogenetic relationships among European ratsnakes of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger based on mitochondrial DNA sequence comparisons
In order to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships in European ratsnakes of the genus <i>Elaphe</i>, we analyzed a 597 bp part of the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>b</i> gene of eight West Eurasian and one East Asian species. <i>Lampropeltis</i> served as outgroup...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2001
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| In: |
Amphibia-reptilia
Year: 2001, Jahrgang: 22, Heft: 3, Pages: 329-339 |
| ISSN: | 1568-5381 |
| DOI: | 10.1163/156853801317050124 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853801317050124
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| Verfasserangaben: | Peter Lenk, Ulrich Joger and Michael Wink |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Phylogenetic relationships among European ratsnakes of the genus Elaphe Fitzinger based on mitochondrial DNA sequence comparisons |c Peter Lenk, Ulrich Joger and Michael Wink |
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| 520 | |a In order to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships in European ratsnakes of the genus <i>Elaphe</i>, we analyzed a 597 bp part of the mitochondrial cytochrome <i>b</i> gene of eight West Eurasian and one East Asian species. <i>Lampropeltis</i> served as outgroup. Maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood suggest the existence of four lineages: 1) <i>E. scalaris</i>; 2) the <i>E. longissima</i> species group comprising <i>E. longissima</i>, <i>E. lineata</i>, <i>E. situla</i>, <i>E. hohenackeri</i>, and <i>E. persica</i>; 3) <i>E. quatuorlineata</i> and 4) <i>E. dione</i> as a sister group to 3). <i>Elaphe scalaris</i> is basal and shows no closer affiliation with any other analyzed species. The Middle Eastern <i>E. persica</i> and <i>E. hohenackeri</i> appear basal within the <i>E. longissima</i> group. <i>Elaphe lineata</i> differs by 8% nucleotide substitutions from <i>E. longissima</i>, supporting the hypothesis that both taxa represent distinct species. <i>Elaphe situla</i> is associated with <i>Elaphe longissima</i> and <i>E. lineata</i>. Three analyzed subspecies of <i>E. quatuorlineata</i> are represented by distinct haplotypes. The extent of divergence gives reason to assign species status to the taxon <i>sauromates</i>. Besides, we found two very distinct haplotypes within the range of <i>E. (q.) sauromates</i>, indicating the existence of a third, so far unidentified, species within the <i>E. quatuorlineata</i> complex. The East Asian <i>E. porphyracea</i> clusters with the <i>E. longissima</i> group. This, as well as comparisons with supplementary sequences of Asian <i>Elaphe</i> species, document the multiple origins of European <i>Elaphe</i>. <br></br>Um die phylogenetischen Beziehungen europäischer Kletternattern der Gattung <i>Elaphe</i> zu erhellen, sequenzierten und analysierten wir ein 597 Nukleotide messendes Stück des mitochondrialen Cytochrom <i>b</i> Gens von acht west-eurasischen und einer ostasiatischen Art. <i>Lampropeltis</i> diente als Außengruppe. Maximum parsimony und maximum likelihood Berechnungen zeigen die Existenz von vier genetischen Linien auf: a) <i>E. scalaris</i>; b) die <i>E. longissima</i> Artengruppe mit <i>E. longissima , E. lineata, E. situla, E. hohenackeri</i>, und <i>E. persica</i>; c) <i>E. quatuorlineata</i> und d) <i>E. dione</i> als Schwestergruppe zu c). <i>Elaphe scalaris</i> nimmt eine basale Position ein und scheint mit keiner untersuchten Art näher verwandt zu sein. Die westasiatischen Arten <i>E. persica</i> und <i>E. hohenackeri</i> sind die Schwestergruppe zu <i>E. longissima, E. lineata</i> und <i>E. situla</i>. <i>Elaphe lineata</i> unterscheidet sich durch 8% Nukleotidaustausche von <i>E. longissima</i>, wodurch der Artstatus von <i>E. lineata</i> unterstützt wird. <i>Elaphe longissima, E. lineata</i> und <i>E. situla</i> bilden eine Abstammungsgemeinschaft. Auch die Haplotypen der drei untersuchten <i>E. quatuorlineata</i>-Unterarten unterscheiden sich so stark, daß Artstatus für das Taxon sauromates zu fordern ist. Darüberhinaus fanden wir im Gebiet von <i>E. (q.) sauromates</i> zwei stark unterschiedliche Haplotypen, die die Existenz einer dritten bislang unidentifizierten Art nahelegen. Die ostasiatische <i>E. porphyracea</i> scheint der <i>E. longissima</i>-Gruppe nahe zu stehen. Dies, sowie der Vergleich mit ergänzenden Sequenzdaten asiatischer <i>Elaphe</i>-Arten, belegt den mehrfachen Ursprung europäischer <i>Elaphe</i>. | ||
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