Micropatterned silicone elastomer substrates for high resolution analysis of cellular force patterns
Cellular forces are closely related to many physiological processes, including cell migration, growth, division, and differentiation. Here, we describe newly developed techniques to measure these forces with high spatial resolution. Our approach is based on ultrasoft silicone elastomer films with a...
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| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
19 March 2007
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| In: |
Review of scientific instruments
Year: 2007, Jahrgang: 78, Heft: 3 |
| ISSN: | 1089-7623 |
| DOI: | 10.1063/1.2712870 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2712870 Verlag, Volltext: http://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.2712870 
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| Verfasserangaben: | Claudia M. Cesa and Norbert Kirchgeßner, IBN-4, Biomechanics, Institute of Bio- and Nanosystems, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Dirk Mayer,IBN-2, Bioelectronics, Institute of Bio- and Nanosystems, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Ulrich S. Schwarz, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 293, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Bernd Hoffmann and Rudolf Merkel, IBN-4, Biomechanics, Institute of Bio- and Nanosystems, Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany |
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| 520 | |a Cellular forces are closely related to many physiological processes, including cell migration, growth, division, and differentiation. Here, we describe newly developed techniques to measure these forces with high spatial resolution. Our approach is based on ultrasoft silicone elastomer films with a regular microstructure molded into the surface. Mechanical forces applied by living cells to such films result in elastomer deformation which can be quantified by video microscopy and digital image processing. From this deformation field forces can be calculated. Here we give detailed accounts of the following issues: (1) the preparation of silicon wafers as molds for the microstructures, (2) the fabrication of microstructured elastomer substrates, (3) the in-depth characterization of the mechanical properties of these elastomers, (4) the image processing algorithms for the extraction of cellular deformation fields, and (5) the generalized first moment tensor as a robust mathematical tool to characterize whole cell activity. We present prototype experiments on living myocytes as well as on cardiac fibroblasts and discuss the characteristics and performance of our force measurement technique. | ||
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