Visual functions in phenylketonuria: evaluating the dopamine and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids depletion hypotheses
Background: In phenylketonuria presymptomatic treatment following newborn screening prevents severe mental and physical impairment. The reasons for subtle impairments of cerebral functions despite early treatment remain unclear. We assessed a broad spectrum of visual functions in early-treated patie...
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
January 2013
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| In: |
Molecular genetics and metabolism
Year: 2013, Jahrgang: 108, Heft: 1, Pages: 1-7 |
| ISSN: | 1096-7206 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.10.021 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymgme.2012.10.021 Verlag, Volltext: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1096719212004088 
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| Verfasserangaben: | Gwendolyn Gramer, Birgit Förl, Christina Springer, Petra Weimer, Gisela Haege, Friederike Mackensen, Edith Müller, Hans Eberhard Völcker, Georg Friedrich Hoffmann, Martin Lindner, Hermann Krastel, Peter Burgard |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Visual functions in phenylketonuria |b evaluating the dopamine and long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids depletion hypotheses |c Gwendolyn Gramer, Birgit Förl, Christina Springer, Petra Weimer, Gisela Haege, Friederike Mackensen, Edith Müller, Hans Eberhard Völcker, Georg Friedrich Hoffmann, Martin Lindner, Hermann Krastel, Peter Burgard |
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| 520 | |a Background: In phenylketonuria presymptomatic treatment following newborn screening prevents severe mental and physical impairment. The reasons for subtle impairments of cerebral functions despite early treatment remain unclear. We assessed a broad spectrum of visual functions in early-treated patients with phenylketonuria and evaluated two hypotheses—the dopamine and the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) depletion hypotheses. Methods: Contrast sensitivity, colour vision, electroretinography, frequency doubling technology campimetry (FDT), and their relation with blood phenylalanine and docosahexaenoic acid levels were assessed in 36 patients with phenylketonuria and 18 age-matched healthy controls. Results: Contrast sensitivity was significantly lower and total error scores in colour vision significantly higher in patients than controls. Electroretinography results differed significantly between patients and controls. We found a trend for the effect of phenylalanine-levels on contrast sensitivity and a significant effect on colour vision/FDT results. Docosahexaenoic acid levels in erythrocytes were not associated with visual functions. Conclusion: This is the first evaluation of visual functions in phenylketonuria using a comprehensive ophthalmological test battery. We found no evidence supporting the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids depletion hypothesis. However, the effect of phenylalanine-levels on visual functions suggests that imbalance between phenylalanine and tyrosine may affect retinal dopamine levels in phenylketonuria. This is supported by the similar patterns of visual functions in patients with phenylketonuria observed in our study and patients with Parkinson's disease. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Colour vision | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Contrast sensitivity | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Dopamine depletion | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Phenylketonuria | |
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