Mechanisms of autoantibody-induced pathology
Autoantibodies are frequently observed in healthy individuals. In a minority of these individuals, they lead to manifestation of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Graves’ disease. Overall, more than 2.5% of the population is affected by autoantibody-driven autoimmune disease. Path...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
31 May 2017
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| In: |
Frontiers in immunology
Year: 2017, Jahrgang: 8 |
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00603 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00603 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00603/full 
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| Verfasserangaben: | Ralf J. Ludwig, Karen Vanhoorelbeke, Frank Leypoldt, Ziya Kaya, Katja Bieber, Sandra M. McLachlan, Lars Komorowski, Jie Luo, Otavio Cabral-Marques, Christoph M. Hammers, Jon M. Lindstrom, Peter Lamprecht, Andrea Fischer, Gabriela Riemekasten, Claudia Tersteeg, Peter Sondermann, Basil Rapoport, Klaus-Peter Wandinger, Christian Probst, Asmaa El Beidaq, Enno Schmidt, Alan Verkman, Rudolf A. Manz, Falk Nimmerjahn |
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| 520 | |a Autoantibodies are frequently observed in healthy individuals. In a minority of these individuals, they lead to manifestation of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis or Graves’ disease. Overall, more than 2.5% of the population is affected by autoantibody-driven autoimmune disease. Pathways leading to autoantibody-induced pathology greatly differ among different diseases, and autoantibodies directed against the same antigen, depending on the targeted epitope, can have diverse effects. To foster knowledge in autoantibody-induced pathology and to encourage development of urgently needed novel therapeutic strategies we here categorized autoantibodies according to their effects. According to our algorithm, autoantibodies can be classified into the following categories: (1) Mimic receptor stimulation, (2) blocking of neural transmission, (3) induction of altered signaling, triggering uncontrolled (4) microthrombosis, (5) cell lysis, (6) neutrophil activation and (7) induction of inflammation. These mechanisms in relation to disease, as well as principles of autoantibody generation and detection are reviewed herein. | ||
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