An asteroseismic view of the radius valley: stripped cores, not born rocky
Various theoretical models treating the effect of stellar irradiation on planetary envelopes predict the presence of a radius valley: i.e. a bimodal distribution of planet radii, with super-Earths and sub-Neptune planets separated by a valley at around $\approx 2~R_\oplus$. Such a valley was observe...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) Chapter/Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
2 Jul 2018
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| In: |
Arxiv
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| Online Access: | Verlag, Volltext: http://arxiv.org/abs/1710.05398
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| Author Notes: | V. Van Eylen, Camilla Agentoft, M.S. Lundkvist, H. Kjeldsen, J.E. Owen, B.J. Fulton, E. Petigura, I. Snellen |
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| 245 | 1 | 3 | |a An asteroseismic view of the radius valley |b stripped cores, not born rocky |c V. Van Eylen, Camilla Agentoft, M.S. Lundkvist, H. Kjeldsen, J.E. Owen, B.J. Fulton, E. Petigura, I. Snellen |
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| 520 | |a Various theoretical models treating the effect of stellar irradiation on planetary envelopes predict the presence of a radius valley: i.e. a bimodal distribution of planet radii, with super-Earths and sub-Neptune planets separated by a valley at around $\approx 2~R_\oplus$. Such a valley was observed recently, owing to an improvement in the precision of stellar, and therefore planetary radii. Here we investigate the presence, location and shape of such a valley using a small sample with highly accurate stellar parameters determined from asteroseismology, which includes 117 planets with a median uncertainty on the radius of 3.3%. We detect a clear bimodal distribution, with super-Earths ($\approx 1.5~R_\oplus$) and sub-Neptunes ($\approx 2.5~R_\oplus$) separated by a deficiency around $2~R_\oplus$. We furthermore characterize the slope of the valley as a power law |r \propto P^\gamma$ with $\gamma = {-0.09^{+0.02}_{-0.04}}$. A negative slope is consistent with models of photo-evaporation, but not with the late formation of rocky planets in a gas-poor environment, which would lead to a slope of opposite sign. The exact location of the gap further points to planet cores consisting of a significant fraction of rocky material. | ||
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