ZnO as an effective hole transport layer for water resistant organic solar cells

Organic solar cells (OSCs) are a major contender for third generation photovoltaic systems. However, the scalability and potential commercial viability of OSCs are still limited due to their instability under hostile ambient conditions such as a humid atmosphere. One of the major limiting factors in...

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Hauptverfasser: Chi, Cheng-Yu (VerfasserIn) , Sauter, Eric (VerfasserIn) , Zharnikov, Michael (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 10 Mar 2018
In: Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for energy and sustainability
Year: 2018, Jahrgang: 6, Heft: 15, Pages: 6542-6550
ISSN:2050-7496
DOI:10.1039/C7TA10722F
Online-Zugang:Verlag, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA10722F
Verlag, Volltext: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2018/ta/c7ta10722f
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Cheng-Yu Chi, Chun-Han Shih, Eric Sauter, Sandeep K. Das, Ya-Hsiang Liang, Hsiang-Ting Lien, Sun-Tang Chang, Michael Zharnikov and Yian Tai

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520 |a Organic solar cells (OSCs) are a major contender for third generation photovoltaic systems. However, the scalability and potential commercial viability of OSCs are still limited due to their instability under hostile ambient conditions such as a humid atmosphere. One of the major limiting factors in this context is the water-solubility of the hole transport layer (HTL). As a solution to this problem, in the given work, we report the design of an ultrathin, water-resistant and p-type-like conducting ZnO film serving as a HTL for inverted OSCs. This film is fabricated using ultrasonic spray pyrolysis under ambient conditions and subsequently transferred onto the active layer of the OSC using a sacrificial poly(styrenesulfonate) (PPS) film. The resulting ZnO film has oxygen-rich and zinc-deficient characteristics which stem presumably from a gradient-like doping of PSS chelating with zinc species. These characteristics result in a suitable energy level realignment and facilitate p-type-like charge transport to the anode. The fabricated device has excellent stability and only minor loss in performance upon a prolonged immersion in water without encapsulation, in striking contrast to the commonly used MoOx HTL OSC which was completely deteriorated. 
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