Impairments in error processing and their association with ADHD symptoms in individuals born preterm
Preterm birth is associated with heightened risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and neurocognitive impairments, including impairments in performance monitoring. Here, we investigate the cognitive and neurophysiological processes from a performance-monitoring task i...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
April 11, 2019
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| In: |
PLOS ONE
Year: 2019, Volume: 14, Issue: 4 |
| ISSN: | 1932-6203 |
| DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0214864 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214864 Verlag, Volltext: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0214864 
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| Author Notes: | Anna-Sophie Rommel, Sarah-Naomi James, Gráinne McLoughlin, Giorgia Michelini, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Philip Asherson, Jonna Kuntsi |
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| 520 | |a Preterm birth is associated with heightened risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-like symptoms and neurocognitive impairments, including impairments in performance monitoring. Here, we investigate the cognitive and neurophysiological processes from a performance-monitoring task in preterm-born adolescents and examine whether these processes in preterm-born adolescents reflect identical neurophysiological impairments to those observed in term-born adolescents with ADHD. We compared 186 preterm-born individuals to 69 term-born individuals with ADHD and 135 term-born controls on cognitive-performance measures and event-related potentials (ERPs) of conflict monitoring (N2) and error processing (ERN, Pe) from a flanker task. Preterm-born adolescents demonstrated reduced N2, ERN and Pe amplitudes, compared to controls, and similar ERN and Pe impairments to term-born adolescents with ADHD. While ADHD symptoms correlated with ERN amplitude at FCz among the preterm-born, ERN amplitude at Fz, N2 and Pe amplitude were not associated with ADHD symptoms. Preterm-born individuals show impairments on neurophysiological indices of conflict monitoring (N2) and error processing (ERN and Pe). Early neurophysiological error processing may be a marker underlying the processes linked to the increased risk for ADHD among preterm-born individuals. Error detection processes are malleable and potential targets for non-pharmacological interventions. Preterm-born individuals are likely to benefit from early interventions. | ||
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