Cognitive and neurophysiological markers of ADHD persistence and remission
Background - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) persists in around two-thirds of individuals in adolescence and early adulthood. Aims - To examine the cognitive and neurophysiological processes underlying the persistence or remission of ADHD. Method - Follow-up data were obtained from 1...
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| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
June 2016
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| In: |
The British journal of psychiatry
Year: 2016, Volume: 208, Issue: 6, Pages: 548-555 |
| ISSN: | 1472-1465 |
| DOI: | 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.145185 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.114.145185 Verlag, Volltext: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/the-british-journal-of-psychiatry/article/cognitive-and-neurophysiological-markers-of-adhd-persistence-and-remission/EB60FFCC8BFA5BE34F33336AECA4DF86 
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| Author Notes: | Celeste H.M. Cheung, Fruhling Rijsdijk, Gráinne McLoughlin, Daniel Brandeis, Tobias Banaschewski, Philip Asherson and Jonna Kuntsi |
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| 520 | |a Background - Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) persists in around two-thirds of individuals in adolescence and early adulthood. Aims - To examine the cognitive and neurophysiological processes underlying the persistence or remission of ADHD. Method - Follow-up data were obtained from 110 young people with childhood ADHD and 169 controls on cognitive, electroencephalogram frequency, event-related potential (ERP) and actigraph movement measures after 6 years. Results - ADHD persisters differed from remitters on preparation-vigilance measures (contingent negative variation, delta activity, reaction time variability and omission errors), IQ and actigraph count, but not on executive control measures of inhibition or working memory (nogo-P3 amplitudes, commission errors and digit span backwards). Conclusions - Preparation-vigilance measures were markers of remission, improving concurrently with ADHD symptoms, whereas executive control measures were not sensitive to ADHD persistence/remission. For IQ, the present and previous results combined suggest a role in moderating ADHD outcome. These findings fit with previously identified aetiological separation of the cognitive impairments in ADHD. The strongest candidates for the development of non-pharmacological interventions involving cognitive training and neurofeedback are the preparation-vigilance processes that were markers of ADHD remission. | ||
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