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Membrane asymmetry imposes directionality on lipid droplet emergence from the ER

Summary: During energy bursts, neutral lipids fabricated within the ER bilayer demix to form lipid droplets (LDs). LDs bud off mainly in the cytosol where they regulate metabolism and multiple biological processes. They indeed become accessible to most enzymes and can interact with other organelles....

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Main Authors: Chorlay, Aymeric (Author) , Monticelli, Luca (Author) , Veríssimo Ferreira, Joana (Author) , Ben M’barek, Kalthoum (Author) , Ajjaji, Dalila (Author) , Wang, Sihui (Author) , Johnson, Errin (Author) , Beck, Rainer (Author) , Omrane, Mohyeddine (Author) , Beller, Mathias (Author) , Carvalho, Pedro (Author) , Rachid Thiam, Abdou (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 30 May 2019
In: Developmental cell
Year: 2019, Volume: 50, Issue: 1, Pages: 25-42
ISSN:1878-1551
DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2019.05.003
Online Access:Verlag, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2019.05.003
Verlag, Volltext: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1534580719303740
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Author Notes:Aymeric Chorlay, Luca Monticelli, Joana Veríssimo Ferreira, Kalthoum Ben M’barek, Dalila Ajjaji, Sihui Wang, Errin Johnson, Rainer Beck, Mohyeddine Omrane, Mathias Beller, Pedro Carvalho, Abdou Rachid Thiam
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Summary:Summary: During energy bursts, neutral lipids fabricated within the ER bilayer demix to form lipid droplets (LDs). LDs bud off mainly in the cytosol where they regulate metabolism and multiple biological processes. They indeed become accessible to most enzymes and can interact with other organelles. How such directional emergence is achieved remains elusive. Here, we found that this directionality is controlled by an asymmetry in monolayer surface coverage. Model LDs emerge on the membrane leaflet of higher coverage, which is improved by the insertion of proteins and phospholipids. In cells, continuous LD emergence on the cytosol would require a constant refill of phospholipids to the ER cytosolic leaflet. Consistent with this model, cells deficient in phospholipids present an increased number of LDs exposed to the ER lumen and compensate by remodeling ER shape. Our results reveal an active cooperation between phospholipids and proteins to extract LDs from ER.
Item Description:Gesehen am 20.08.2019
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1878-1551
DOI:10.1016/j.devcel.2019.05.003

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