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Anomalous breaking of scale invariance in a two-dimensional fermi gas

The frequency of the breathing mode of a two-dimensional Fermi gas with zero-range interactions in a harmonic confinement is fixed by the scale invariance of the Hamiltonian. Scale invariance is broken in the quantized theory by introducing the two-dimensional scattering length as a regulator. This...

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Main Authors: Holten, Marvin (Author) , Bayha, Luca (Author) , Klein, Antonia Clara (Author) , Murthy, Puneet A. (Author) , Preiss, Philipp (Author) , Jochim, Selim (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 17 September 2018
In: Physical review letters
Year: 2018, Volume: 121, Issue: 12, Pages: 1-6
ISSN:1079-7114
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.120401
Online Access:Verlag, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.120401
Verlag, Volltext: https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.120401
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Author Notes:M. Holten, L. Bayha, A.C. Klein, P.A. Murthy, P.M. Preiss, and S. Jochim

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520 |a The frequency of the breathing mode of a two-dimensional Fermi gas with zero-range interactions in a harmonic confinement is fixed by the scale invariance of the Hamiltonian. Scale invariance is broken in the quantized theory by introducing the two-dimensional scattering length as a regulator. This is an example of a quantum anomaly in the field of ultracold atoms and leads to a shift of the frequency of the collective breathing mode of the cloud. In this work, we study this anomalous frequency shift for a two-component Fermi gas in the strongly interacting regime. We measure significant upwards shifts away from the scale-invariant result that show a strong interaction dependence. This observation implies that scale invariance is broken anomalously in the strongly interacting two-dimensional Fermi gas. 
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