Modulation of DNA repair systems in blind cavefish during evolution in constant darkness
<h2>Summary</h2><p>How the environment shapes the function and evolution of DNA repair systems is poorly understood. In a comparative study using zebrafish and the Somalian blind cavefish, <i>Phreatichthys andruzzii</i>, we reveal that during evolution for millions of y...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
11 October 2018
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| In: |
Current biology
Year: 2018, Volume: 28, Issue: 20, Pages: 3229-3243 |
| ISSN: | 1879-0445 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.039 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2018.08.039 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.cell.com/current-biology/abstract/S0960-9822(18)31123-0 
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| Author Notes: | Haiyu Zhao, Giuseppe Di Mauro, Sebastian Lungu-Mitea, Pietro Negrini, Andrea Maria Guarino, Elena Frigato, Thomas Braunbeck, Hongju Ma, Tilman Lamparter, Daniela Vallone, Cristiano Bertolucci, and Nicholas S. Foulkes |
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| 520 | |a <h2>Summary</h2><p>How the environment shapes the function and evolution of DNA repair systems is poorly understood. In a comparative study using zebrafish and the Somalian blind cavefish, <i>Phreatichthys andruzzii</i>, we reveal that during evolution for millions of years in continuous darkness, photoreactivation DNA repair function has been lost in <i>P. andruzzii</i>. We demonstrate that this loss results in part from loss-of-function mutations in pivotal DNA-repair genes. Specifically, C-terminal truncations in <i>P. andruzzii</i> DASH and 6-4 photolyase render these proteins predominantly cytoplasmic, with consequent loss in their functionality. In addition, we reveal a general absence of light-, UV-, and ROS-induced expression of <i>P. andruzzii</i> DNA-repair genes. This results from a loss of function of the D-box enhancer element, which coordinates and enhances DNA repair in response to sunlight. Our results point to <i>P. andruzzii</i> being the only species described, apart from placental mammals, that lacks the highly evolutionary conserved photoreactivation function. We predict that in the DNA repair systems of <i>P. andruzzii</i>, we may be witnessing the first stages in a process that previously occurred in the ancestors of placental mammals during the Mesozoic era.</p> | ||
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