Planck 2015 results: XVI. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB
We test the statistical isotropy and Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies using observations made by the <i>Planck<i/> satellite. Our results are based mainly on the full <i>Planck<i/> mission for temperature, but also include some polarization me...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
20 September 2016
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| In: |
Astronomy and astrophysics
Year: 2016, Jahrgang: 594, Pages: 1-62 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0746 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/201526681 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526681 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2016/10/aa26681-15/aa26681-15.html 
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| Verfasserangaben: | Planck Collaboration: P.A.R. Ade, N. Aghanim, Y. Akrami, P.K. Aluri, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A.J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, N. Bartolo, S. Basak, E. Battaner, K. Benabed, A. Benoît, A. Benoit-Lévy, J.-P. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, P. Bielewicz, J.J. Bock, A. Bonaldi, L. Bonavera, J.R. Bond, J. Borrill, F.R. Bouchet, F. Boulanger, M. Bucher, C. Burigana, R.C. Butler, E. Calabrese, J.-F. Cardoso, B. Casaponsa, A. Catalano, A. Challinor, A. Chamballu, H.C. Chiang, P.R. Christensen, S. Church, D.L. Clements, S. Colombi, L.P. L. Colombo, C. Combet, D. Contreras, F. Couchot, A. Coulais, B.P. Crill, M. Cruz, A. Curto, F. Cuttaia, L. Danese, R.D. Davies, R.J. Davis, P. de Bernardis, A. de Rosa, G. de Zotti, J. Delabrouille, F.-X. Désert, J. M. Diego, H. Dole, S. Donzelli, O. Doré, M. Douspis, A. Ducout, X. Dupac, G. Efstathiou, F. Elsner, T. A. Enßlin, H.K. Eriksen, Y. Fantaye, J. Fergusson, R. Fernandez-Cobos, F. Finelli, O. Forni, M. Frailis, A. A. Fraisse, E. Franceschi, A. Frejsel, A. Frolov, S. Galeotta, S. Galli, K. Ganga, C. Gauthier, T. Ghosh, M. Giard, Y. Giraud-Héraud, E. Gjerløw, J. González-Nuevo, K.M. Górski, S. Gratton, A. Gregorio, A. Gruppuso, J.E. Gudmundsson, F.K. Hansen, D. Hanson, D.L. Harrison, S. Henrot-Versillé, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, D. Herranz, S.R. Hildebrandt, E. Hivon, M. Hobson, W.A. Holmes, A. Hornstrup, W. Hovest, Z. Huang, K.M. Huffenberger, G. Hurier, A.H. Jaffe, T.R. Jaffe, W.C. Jones, M. Juvela, E. Keihänen, R. Keskitalo, J. Kim, T.S. Kisner, J. Knoche, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, G. Lagache, A. Lähteenmäki, J.-M. Lamarre, A. Lasenby, M. Lattanzi, C.R. Lawrence, R. Leonardi, J. Lesgourgues, F. Levrier, M. Liguori, P.B. Lilje, M. Linden-Vørnle, H. Liu, M. López-Caniego, P.M. Lubin, J.F. Macías-Pérez, G. Maggio, D. Maino, N. Mandolesi, A. Mangilli, D. Marinucci, M. Maris, P.G. Martin, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, S. Matarrese, P. McGehee, P. R. Meinhold, A. Melchiorri, L. Mendes, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, K. Mikkelsen, S. Mitra, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, D. Molinari, A. Moneti, L. Montier, G. Morgante, D. Mortlock, A. Moss, D. Munshi, J.A. Murphy, P. Naselsky, F. Nati, P. Natoli, C.B. Netterfield, H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen, F. Noviello, D. Novikov, I. Novikov, C.A. Oxborrow, F. Paci, L. Pagano, F. Pajot, N. Pant, D. Paoletti, F. Pasian, G. Patanchon, T.J. Pearson, O. Perdereau, L. Perotto, F. Perrotta, V. Pettorino, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, E. Pierpaoli, D. Pietrobon, S. Plaszczynski, E. Pointecouteau, G. Polenta, L. Popa, G.W. Pratt, G. Prézeau, S. Prunet, J.-L. Puget, J.P. Rachen, R. Rebolo, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, C. Renault, A. Renzi, I. Ristorcelli, G. Rocha, C. Rosset, M. Rossetti, A. Rotti, G. Roudier, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, B. Rusholme, M. Sandri, D. Santos, M. Savelainen, G. Savini, D. Scott, M. D. Seiffert, E.P.S. Shellard, T. Souradeep, L.D. Spencer, V. Stolyarov, R. Stompor, R. Sudiwala, R. Sunyaev, D. Sutton, A.-S. Suur-Uski, J.-F. Sygnet, J. A. Tauber, L. Terenzi, L. Toffolatti, M. Tomasi, M. Tristram, T. Trombetti, M. Tucci, J. Tuovinen, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, F. Villa, L.A. Wade, B.D. Wandelt, I.K. Wehus, D. Yvon, A. Zacchei, J.P. Zibin, and A. Zonca |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Planck 2015 results |b XVI. Isotropy and statistics of the CMB |c Planck Collaboration: P.A.R. Ade, N. Aghanim, Y. Akrami, P.K. Aluri, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A.J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, N. Bartolo, S. Basak, E. Battaner, K. Benabed, A. Benoît, A. Benoit-Lévy, J.-P. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, P. Bielewicz, J.J. Bock, A. Bonaldi, L. Bonavera, J.R. Bond, J. Borrill, F.R. Bouchet, F. Boulanger, M. Bucher, C. Burigana, R.C. Butler, E. Calabrese, J.-F. Cardoso, B. Casaponsa, A. Catalano, A. Challinor, A. Chamballu, H.C. Chiang, P.R. Christensen, S. Church, D.L. Clements, S. Colombi, L.P. L. Colombo, C. Combet, D. Contreras, F. Couchot, A. Coulais, B.P. Crill, M. Cruz, A. Curto, F. Cuttaia, L. Danese, R.D. Davies, R.J. Davis, P. de Bernardis, A. de Rosa, G. de Zotti, J. Delabrouille, F.-X. Désert, J. M. Diego, H. Dole, S. Donzelli, O. Doré, M. Douspis, A. Ducout, X. Dupac, G. Efstathiou, F. Elsner, T. A. Enßlin, H.K. Eriksen, Y. Fantaye, J. Fergusson, R. Fernandez-Cobos, F. Finelli, O. Forni, M. Frailis, A. A. Fraisse, E. Franceschi, A. Frejsel, A. Frolov, S. Galeotta, S. Galli, K. Ganga, C. Gauthier, T. Ghosh, M. Giard, Y. Giraud-Héraud, E. Gjerløw, J. González-Nuevo, K.M. Górski, S. Gratton, A. Gregorio, A. Gruppuso, J.E. Gudmundsson, F.K. Hansen, D. Hanson, D.L. Harrison, S. Henrot-Versillé, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, D. Herranz, S.R. Hildebrandt, E. Hivon, M. Hobson, W.A. Holmes, A. Hornstrup, W. Hovest, Z. Huang, K.M. Huffenberger, G. Hurier, A.H. Jaffe, T.R. Jaffe, W.C. Jones, M. Juvela, E. Keihänen, R. Keskitalo, J. Kim, T.S. Kisner, J. Knoche, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, G. Lagache, A. Lähteenmäki, J.-M. Lamarre, A. Lasenby, M. Lattanzi, C.R. Lawrence, R. Leonardi, J. Lesgourgues, F. Levrier, M. Liguori, P.B. Lilje, M. Linden-Vørnle, H. Liu, M. López-Caniego, P.M. Lubin, J.F. Macías-Pérez, G. Maggio, D. Maino, N. Mandolesi, A. Mangilli, D. Marinucci, M. Maris, P.G. Martin, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, S. Matarrese, P. McGehee, P. R. Meinhold, A. Melchiorri, L. Mendes, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, K. Mikkelsen, S. Mitra, M.-A. Miville-Deschênes, D. Molinari, A. Moneti, L. Montier, G. Morgante, D. Mortlock, A. Moss, D. Munshi, J.A. Murphy, P. Naselsky, F. Nati, P. Natoli, C.B. Netterfield, H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen, F. Noviello, D. Novikov, I. Novikov, C.A. Oxborrow, F. Paci, L. Pagano, F. Pajot, N. Pant, D. Paoletti, F. Pasian, G. Patanchon, T.J. Pearson, O. Perdereau, L. Perotto, F. Perrotta, V. Pettorino, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, E. Pierpaoli, D. Pietrobon, S. Plaszczynski, E. Pointecouteau, G. Polenta, L. Popa, G.W. Pratt, G. Prézeau, S. Prunet, J.-L. Puget, J.P. Rachen, R. Rebolo, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, C. Renault, A. Renzi, I. Ristorcelli, G. Rocha, C. Rosset, M. Rossetti, A. Rotti, G. Roudier, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, B. Rusholme, M. Sandri, D. Santos, M. Savelainen, G. Savini, D. Scott, M. D. Seiffert, E.P.S. Shellard, T. Souradeep, L.D. Spencer, V. Stolyarov, R. Stompor, R. Sudiwala, R. Sunyaev, D. Sutton, A.-S. Suur-Uski, J.-F. Sygnet, J. A. Tauber, L. Terenzi, L. Toffolatti, M. Tomasi, M. Tristram, T. Trombetti, M. Tucci, J. Tuovinen, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, F. Villa, L.A. Wade, B.D. Wandelt, I.K. Wehus, D. Yvon, A. Zacchei, J.P. Zibin, and A. Zonca |
| 264 | 1 | |c 20 September 2016 | |
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| 500 | |a Gesehen am 10.08.2020 | ||
| 520 | |a We test the statistical isotropy and Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies using observations made by the <i>Planck<i/> satellite. Our results are based mainly on the full <i>Planck<i/> mission for temperature, but also include some polarization measurements. In particular, we consider the CMB anisotropy maps derived from the multi-frequency <i>Planck<i/> data by several component-separation methods. For the temperature anisotropies, we find excellent agreement between results based on these sky maps over both a very large fraction of the sky and a broad range of angular scales, establishing that potential foreground residuals do not affect our studies. Tests of skewness, kurtosis, multi-normality, <i>N<i/>-point functions, and Minkowski functionals indicate consistency with Gaussianity, while a power deficit at large angular scales is manifested in several ways, for example low map variance. The results of a peak statistics analysis are consistent with the expectations of a Gaussian random field. The “Cold Spot” is detected with several methods, including map kurtosis, peak statistics, and mean temperature profile. We thoroughly probe the large-scale dipolar power asymmetry, detecting it with several independent tests, and address the subject of a posteriori correction. Tests of directionality suggest the presence of angular clustering from large to small scales, but at a significance that is dependent on the details of the approach. We perform the first examination of polarization data, finding the morphology of stacked peaks to be consistent with the expectations of statistically isotropic simulations. Where they overlap, these results are consistent with the <i>Planck<i/> 2013 analysis based on the nominal mission data and provide our most thorough view of the statistics of the CMB fluctuations to date. | ||
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