Megadalton chromatin remodelers: common principles for versatile functions

ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers are enigmatic macromolecular machines that govern the arrangement and composition of nucleosomes across eukaryotic genomes. Here, we review the recent breakthrough provided by cryo-electron microscopy that reveal the first high-resolution insights into all four fam...

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Hauptverfasser: Jungblut, Anna (VerfasserIn) , Hopfner, Karl-Peter (VerfasserIn) , Eustermann, Sebastian (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 6 August 2020
In: Current opinion in structural biology
Year: 2020, Jahrgang: 64, Pages: 134-144
DOI:10.1016/j.sbi.2020.06.024
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbi.2020.06.024
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959440X20301238
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Verfasserangaben:Anna Jungblut, Karl-Peter Hopfner and Sebastian Eustermann

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520 |a ATP-dependent chromatin remodelers are enigmatic macromolecular machines that govern the arrangement and composition of nucleosomes across eukaryotic genomes. Here, we review the recent breakthrough provided by cryo-electron microscopy that reveal the first high-resolution insights into all four families of remodelers. We highlight the emerging structural and mechanistic principles with a particular focus on multi-subunit SWI/SNF and INO80/SWR1 complexes. A conserved architecture comprising a motor, rotor, stator and grip suggests a unifying mechanism for how stepwise DNA translocation enables large scale reconfigurations of nucleosomes. A molecular circuitry involving the nuclear actin containing module establishes a framework for understanding allosteric regulation. Remodelers emerge as programable hubs that enable differential processing of genetic and epigenetic information in response to the physiological state of a cell. 
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