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Noisy silence: non-coding RNA and heterochromatin formation at repetitive elements

A significant fraction of eukaryotic genomes comprises repetitive sequences, including rRNA genes, centromeres, telomeres, and retrotransposons. Repetitive elements are hotspots for recombination and represent a serious challenge for genome integrity. Maintaining these repeated elements in a compact...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Bierhoff, Holger (Author) , Poste̜pska-Igielska, Anna (Author) , Grummt, Ingrid (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2014
In: Epigenetics
Year: 2013, Volume: 9, Issue: 1, Pages: 53-61
ISSN:1559-2308
DOI:10.4161/epi.26485
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.4161/epi.26485
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Author Notes:Holger Bierhoff, Anna Postepska-Igielska & Ingrid Grummt

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520 |a A significant fraction of eukaryotic genomes comprises repetitive sequences, including rRNA genes, centromeres, telomeres, and retrotransposons. Repetitive elements are hotspots for recombination and represent a serious challenge for genome integrity. Maintaining these repeated elements in a compact heterochromatic structure suppresses recombination and unwanted mutagenic transposition, and is therefore indispensable for genomic stability. Paradoxically, repetitive elements are not transcriptionally inert, but produce RNA that has important functions in regulating and reinforcing the heterochromatic state. Here, we review the role of non-coding RNA (ncRNA) in recruiting chromatin-modifying enzymes to repetitive genomic loci to establish a repressive chromatin structure that safeguards chromosome integrity and genome stability. 
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650 4 |a Genomic Instability 
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