Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporin A in children with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome

The severe side effects of long-term corticosteroid or cyclosporin A (CsA) therapy complicate the treatment of children with frequently relapsing steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (FR-SSNS). We conducted a randomized, multicenter, open-label, crossover study comparing the efficacy and safety of a...

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Hauptverfasser: Gellermann, Jutta (VerfasserIn) , Weber, Lutz T. (VerfasserIn) , Pape, Lars (VerfasserIn) , Tönshoff, Burkhard (VerfasserIn) , Hoyer, Peter F. (VerfasserIn) , Querfeld, Uwe (VerfasserIn)
Körperschaft: Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Nephrologie (BerichterstatterIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: September 30, 2013
In: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology
Year: 2013, Jahrgang: 24, Heft: 10, Pages: 1689-1697
ISSN:1533-3450
DOI:10.1681/ASN.2012121200
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2012121200
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Verfasserangaben:Jutta Gellermann, Lutz Weber, Lars Pape, Burkhard Tönshoff, Peter Hoyer, and Uwe Querfeld, for the Gesellschaft für Pädiatrische Nephrologie (GPN)

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520 |a The severe side effects of long-term corticosteroid or cyclosporin A (CsA) therapy complicate the treatment of children with frequently relapsing steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (FR-SSNS). We conducted a randomized, multicenter, open-label, crossover study comparing the efficacy and safety of a 1-year treatment with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF; target plasma mycophenolic acid trough level of 1.5-2.5 µg/ml) or CsA (target trough level of 80-100 ng/ml) in 60 pediatric patients with FR-SSNS. We assessed the frequency of relapse as the primary endpoint and evaluated pharmacokinetic profiles (area under the curve [AUC]) after 3 and 6 months of treatment. More relapses per patient per year occurred with MMF than with CsA during the first year (P=0.03), but not during the second year (P=0.14). No relapses occurred in 85% of patients during CsA therapy and in 64% of patients during MMF therapy (P=0.06). However, the time without relapse was significantly longer with CsA than with MMF during the first year (P<0.05), but not during the second year (P=0.36). In post hoc analysis, patients with low mycophenolic acid exposure (AUC <50 µg⋅h/ml) experienced 1.4 relapses per year compared with 0.27 relapses per year in those with high exposure (AUC>50 µg⋅h/ml; P<0.05). There were no significant differences between groups with respect to BP, growth, lipid levels, or adverse events. However, cystatin clearance, estimated GFR, and hemoglobin levels increased significantly with MMF compared with CsA. These results indicate that MMF is inferior to CsA in preventing relapses in pediatric patients with FR-SSNS, but may be a less nephrotoxic treatment option. 
650 4 |a Adolescent 
650 4 |a Blood Pressure 
650 4 |a Child 
650 4 |a Cross-Over Studies 
650 4 |a Cyclosporine 
650 4 |a Female 
650 4 |a Glucocorticoids 
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650 4 |a Immunosuppressive Agents 
650 4 |a Kidney Function Tests 
650 4 |a Lipids 
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650 4 |a Mycophenolic Acid 
650 4 |a Nephrotic Syndrome 
650 4 |a Prednisone 
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