The influence of botulinum toxin A injections into the calf muscles on genu recurvatum in children with cerebral palsy

Background - With cerebral palsy (CP), an equinus deformity may lead to genu recurvatum. Botulinum toxin A (BtA) injection into the calf muscles is a well-accepted treatment for dynamic equinus deformity. - Questions/purposes - The purpose of this study was to determine whether BtA injections into t...

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Hauptverfasser: Klotz, Matthias C. M. (VerfasserIn) , Wolf, Sebastian Immanuel (VerfasserIn) , Heitzmann, Daniel (VerfasserIn) , Gantz, Simone (VerfasserIn) , Braatz, Frank (VerfasserIn) , Dreher, Thomas (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 6 March 2013
In: Clinical orthopaedics and related research
Year: 2013, Jahrgang: 471, Heft: 7, Pages: 2327-2332
ISSN:1528-1132
DOI:10.1007/s11999-013-2897-7
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11999-013-2897-7
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://journals.lww.com/clinorthop/Fulltext/2013/07000/The_Influence_of_Botulinum_Toxin_A_Injections_into.43.aspx
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Verfasserangaben:Matthias C.M. Klotz MD, Sebastian I. Wolf PhD, Daniel Heitzmann MSc, Simone Gantz MSc, Frank Braatz MD, Thomas Dreher MD

MARC

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245 1 4 |a The influence of botulinum toxin A injections into the calf muscles on genu recurvatum in children with cerebral palsy  |c Matthias C.M. Klotz MD, Sebastian I. Wolf PhD, Daniel Heitzmann MSc, Simone Gantz MSc, Frank Braatz MD, Thomas Dreher MD 
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520 |a Background - With cerebral palsy (CP), an equinus deformity may lead to genu recurvatum. Botulinum toxin A (BtA) injection into the calf muscles is a well-accepted treatment for dynamic equinus deformity. - Questions/purposes - The purpose of this study was to determine whether BtA injections into the calf muscles to decrease equinus would decrease coexisting genu recurvatum in children with diplegic CP. - Methods - In a retrospective study, 13 children (mean age, 5 years) with spastic diplegic CP showing equinus and coexisting primary genu recurvatum, who were treated with BtA injections into the calf muscles, were included. Evaluations were done before and 6 and 18 weeks after intervention using three-dimensional gait analysis and clinical examinations according to a standardized protocol. Basic statistical analyses (power analysis, ANOVA) were performed to compare genu recurvatum before treatment and at 6 and 18 weeks after injection with BtA. - Results - During stance phase, maximum ankle dorsiflexion was increased substantially from −3.0° ± 14.3° before to 6.2° ± 14.2° 6 weeks after the injections. Despite this, with the numbers available, the amount of recurvatum in stance did not improve with treatment at either 6 or 18 weeks. There was significant improvement of knee hyperextension during stance phase of 6.2° between baseline and 18 weeks after BtA injection, but a genu recurvatum was still present in most patients. - Conclusions - Despite improvement of ankle dorsiflexion after injection with BtA, genu recurvatum did not show relevant improvement at 6 or 18 weeks after injection with the numbers available. Because knee hyperextension remained in most patients, other factors leading to genu recurvatum should be taken into consideration. In addition, a botulinum toxin-induced weakness of the gastrocnemius may explain why recurvatum gait was not significantly reduced. - Level of Evidence - Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. 
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