Feasibility and challenges for sequential treatments in ALK-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer

Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (ALK+ NSCLC) is a model disease for use of targeted therapies (TKI), which are administered sequentially to maximize patient survival. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the flow of 145 consecutive TKI-treated ALK+ NSCLC...

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Hauptverfasser: El Sayed, Mei (VerfasserIn) , Bozorgmehr, Farastuk (VerfasserIn) , Kazdal, Daniel (VerfasserIn) , Volckmar, Anna-Lena (VerfasserIn) , Sültmann, Holger (VerfasserIn) , Fischer, Jürgen (VerfasserIn) , Kriegsmann, Mark (VerfasserIn) , Stenzinger, Albrecht (VerfasserIn) , Thomas, Michael (VerfasserIn) , Christopoulos, Petros (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 20 April 2021
In: Frontiers in oncology
Year: 2021, Jahrgang: 11, Pages: 1-8
ISSN:2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2021.670483
Online-Zugang:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2021.670483
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2021.670483/full
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Verfasserangaben:Mei Elsayed, Farastuk Bozorgmehr, Daniel Kazdal, Anna-Lena Volckmar, Holger Sültmann, Jürgen R. Fischer, Mark Kriegsmann, Albrecht Stenzinger, Michael Thomas and Petros Christopoulos

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520 |a Background: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase-rearranged non-small-cell lung cancer (ALK+ NSCLC) is a model disease for use of targeted therapies (TKI), which are administered sequentially to maximize patient survival. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the flow of 145 consecutive TKI-treated ALK+ NSCLC patients across therapy lines. Suitable patients that could not receive an available next-line therapy ("attrition") were determined separately for various treatments, based on the approval status of the respective targeted drugs when each treatment failure occurred in each patient. Results: At the time of analysis, 70/144 (49%) evaluable patients were still alive. Attrition rates related to targeted treatments were approximately 25-30% and similar for administration of a second-generation (2G) ALK inhibitor (22%, 17/79) or any subsequent systemic therapy (27%, 27/96) after crizotinib, and for the administration of lorlatinib (27%, 6/22) or any subsequent systemic therapy (25%, 15/61) after any 2G TKI. The rate of chemotherapy implementation was 67% (62/93). Both administration of additional TKI (median overall survival [mOS] 59 vs. 41 months for multiple vs. one TKI lines, logrank p=0.002), and chemotherapy (mOS 41 vs. 16 months, logrank p<0.001) were significantly associated with longer survival. Main reason for patients foregoing any subsequent systemic treatment was rapid clinical deterioration (n=40/43 or 93%) caused by tumor progression. In 2/3 of cases (29/43), death occurred under the first failing therapy, while in 11/43 the treatment was switched, but the patient did not respond, deteriorated further, and died within 8 weeks. Conclusions: Despite absence of regulatory obstacles and no requirement for specific acquired mutations, 25-30% of ALK+ NSCLC patients forego subsequent systemic therapy due to rapid clinical deterioration, in several cases (approximately 1/3) associated with an ineffective first next-line choice. These results underline the need for closer patient monitoring and broader profiling in order to support earlier and better directed use of available therapies. 
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