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A super-earth on a close-in orbit around the M1V star GJ 740: a HADES and CARMENES collaboration

<i>Context.<i/> M-dwarfs have proven to be ideal targets for planetary radial velocity (RV) searches due to their higher planet-star mass contrast, which favors the detection of low-mass planets. The abundance of super-Earth and Earth-like planets detected around this type of star motiva...

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Main Authors: Toledo-Padrón, Borja (Author) , Mascareño, A. Suárez (Author) , Hernández, J. I. González (Author) , Rebolo, R. (Author) , Pinamonti, M. (Author) , Perger, M. (Author) , Scandariato, G. (Author) , Damasso, M. (Author) , Sozzetti, A. (Author) , Maldonado, J. (Author) , Desidera, S. (Author) , Ribas, I. (Author) , Micela, G. (Author) , Affer, L. (Author) , González-Alvarez, E. (Author) , Leto, G. (Author) , Pagano, I. (Author) , Sánchez, R. Zanmar (Author) , Giacobbe, P. (Author) , Herrero, E. (Author) , Morales, J. C. (Author) , Amado, P. J. (Author) , Caballero, J. A. (Author) , Quirrenbach, Andreas (Author) , Reiners, A. (Author) , Zechmeister, M. (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 10 February 2021
In: Astronomy and astrophysics
Year: 2021, Volume: 648, Pages: 1-15
ISSN:1432-0746
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202040099
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202040099
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2021/04/aa40099-20/aa40099-20.html
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Author Notes:B. Toledo-Padrón, A. Suárez Mascareño, J.I. González Hernández, R. Rebolo, M. Pinamonti, M. Perger, G. Scandariato, M. Damasso, A. Sozzetti, J. Maldonado, S. Desidera, I. Ribas, G. Micela, L. Affer, E. González-Alvarez, G. Leto, I. Pagano, R. Zanmar Sánchez, P. Giacobbe, E. Herrero, J.C. Morales, P.J. Amado, J.A. Caballero, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, and M. Zechmeister
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Summary:<i>Context.<i/> M-dwarfs have proven to be ideal targets for planetary radial velocity (RV) searches due to their higher planet-star mass contrast, which favors the detection of low-mass planets. The abundance of super-Earth and Earth-like planets detected around this type of star motivates further such research on hosts without reported planetary companions.<i>Aims.<i/> The HADES and CARMENES programs are aimed at carrying out extensive searches of exoplanetary systems around M-type stars in the northern hemisphere, allowing us to address, in a statistical sense, the properties of the planets orbiting these objects. In this work, we perform a spectroscopic and photometric study of one of the program stars (GJ 740), which exhibits a short-period RV signal that is compatible with a planetary companion.<i>Methods.<i/> We carried out a spectroscopic analysis based on 129 HARPS-N spectra taken over a time span of 6 yr combined with 57 HARPS spectra taken over 4 yr, as well as 32 CARMENES spectra taken during more than 1 yr, resulting in a dataset with a time coverage of 10 yr. We also relied on 459 measurements from the public ASAS survey with a time-coverage of 8 yr, along with 5 yr of photometric magnitudes from the EXORAP project taken in the <i>V<i/>, <i>B<i/>, <i>R<i/>, and <i>I<i/> filters to carry out a photometric study. Both analyses were made using Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations and Gaussian process regression to model the activity of the star.<i>Results.<i/> We present the discovery of a short-period super-Earth with an orbital period of 2.37756 d and a minimum mass of 2.96 <i>M<i/><sub>⊕<sub/>. We offer an update to the previously reported characterization of the magnetic cycle and rotation period of the star, obtaining values of <i>P<i/><sub>rot<sub/> = 35.563 ± 0.071 d and <i>P<i/><sub>cycle<sub/> = 2800 ± 150 d. Furthermore, the RV time series exhibits a possibly periodic long-term signal, which might be related to a Saturn-mass planet of ~100 <i>M<i/><sub>⊕<sub/>.
Item Description:Gesehen am 02.08.2021
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1432-0746
DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/202040099

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