Cloud-scale modelling of the impact of deep convection on the fate of oceanic bromoform in the troposphere: a case study over the west coast of Borneo
<p><strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> This paper presents a modelling study on the fate of <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> and its product gases in the troposphere within the context of trop...
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
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23 Nov 2021
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| In: |
Atmospheric chemistry and physics
Year: 2021, Jahrgang: 21, Heft: 22, Pages: 16955-16984 |
| ISSN: | 1680-7324 |
| DOI: | 10.5194/acp-21-16955-2021 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-16955-2021 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/16955/2021/ 
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| Verfasserangaben: | Paul D. Hamer, Virginie Marécal, Ryan Hossaini, Michel Pirre, Gisèle Krysztofiak, Franziska Ziska, Andreas Engel, Stephan Sala, Timo Keber, Harald Bönisch, Elliot Atlas, Kirstin Krüger, Martyn Chipperfield, Valery Catoire, Azizan A. Samah, Marcel Dorf, Phang Siew Moi, Hans Schlager, and Klaus Pfeilsticker |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Cloud-scale modelling of the impact of deep convection on the fate of oceanic bromoform in the troposphere |b a case study over the west coast of Borneo |c Paul D. Hamer, Virginie Marécal, Ryan Hossaini, Michel Pirre, Gisèle Krysztofiak, Franziska Ziska, Andreas Engel, Stephan Sala, Timo Keber, Harald Bönisch, Elliot Atlas, Kirstin Krüger, Martyn Chipperfield, Valery Catoire, Azizan A. Samah, Marcel Dorf, Phang Siew Moi, Hans Schlager, and Klaus Pfeilsticker |
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| 520 | |a <p><strong class="journal-contentHeaderColor">Abstract.</strong> This paper presents a modelling study on the fate of <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> and its product gases in the troposphere within the context of tropical deep convection. A cloud-scale case study was conducted along the west coast of Borneo, where several deep convective systems were triggered on the afternoon and early evening of 19 November 2011. These systems were sampled by the Falcon aircraft during the field campaign of the SHIVA project and analysed using a simulation with the cloud-resolving meteorological model C-CATT-BRAMS at <span class="inline-formula">2×2</span> <span class="inline-formula">km</span> resolution that represents the emissions, transport by large-scale flow, convection, photochemistry, and washout of <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> and its product gases (PGs). We find that simulated <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> mixing ratios and the observed values in the boundary layer and the outflow of the convective systems agree. However, the model underestimates the background <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> mixing ratios in the upper troposphere, which suggests a missing source at the regional scale. An analysis of the simulated chemical speciation of bromine within and around each simulated convective system during the mature convective stage reveals that <span class="inline-formula">>85</span> <span class="inline-formula">%</span> of the bromine derived from <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> and its PGs is transported vertically to the point of convective detrainment in the form of <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span> and that the remaining small fraction is in the form of organic PGs, principally insoluble brominated carbonyls produced from the photo-oxidation of <span class="inline-formula">CHBr<sub>3</sub></span>. The model simulates that within the boundary layer<span id="page16956"/> and free troposphere, the inorganic PGs are only present in soluble forms, i.e. HBr, HOBr, and <span class="inline-formula">BrONO<sub>2</sub></span>, and, consequently, within the convective clouds, the inorganic PGs are almost entirely removed by wet scavenging. We find that HBr is the most abundant PG in background lower-tropospheric air and that this prevalence of HBr is a result of the relatively low background tropospheric ozone levels at the regional scale. Contrary to a previous study in a different environment, for the conditions in the simulation, the insoluble <span class="inline-formula">Br<sub>2</sub></span> species is hardly formed within the convective systems and therefore plays no significant role in the vertical transport of bromine. This likely results from the relatively small quantities of simulated inorganic bromine involved, the presence of HBr in large excess compared to HOBr and BrO, and the relatively efficient removal of soluble compounds within the convective column.</p> | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Marécal, Virginie |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Pirre, Michel |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Sala, Stephan |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Keber, Timo |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
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| 700 | 1 | |a Catoire, Valery |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Samah, Azizan A. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
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