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Humoral responses and chronic GVHD exacerbation after COVID-19 vaccination post allogeneic stem cell transplantation

The COVID-19 pandemic threatens patients with a compromised immune and endothelial system, including patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Thus, there is an unmet need for optimizing vaccination management in this high-risk cohort. Here, we monitored antibodies again...

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Main Authors: Pabst, Caroline (Author) , Benning, Louise (Author) , Liebers, Nora (Author) , Janssen, Maike (Author) , Caillé, Léandra (Author) , Speer, Claudius (Author) , He, Lixiazi (Author) , Schubert, Maria-Luisa (Author) , Simons, Laura (Author) , Hegenbart, Ute (Author) , Schönland, Stefan (Author) , Radujković, Aleksandar (Author) , Schmitt, Michael (Author) , Schnitzler, Paul (Author) , Müller-Tidow, Carsten (Author) , Dietrich, Sascha (Author) , Dreger, Peter (Author) , Luft, Thomas (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 18 February 2022
In: Vaccines
Year: 2022, Volume: 10, Issue: 2, Pages: 1-10
ISSN:2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines10020330
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines10020330
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/2/330
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Author Notes:Caroline Pabst, Louise Benning, Nora Liebers, Maike Janssen, Leandra Caille, Claudius Speer, Lixiazi He, Maria-Luisa Schubert, Laura Simons, Ute Hegenbart, Stefan Schönland, Aleksandar Radujkovic, Michael Schmitt, Paul Schnitzler, Carsten Müller-Tidow, Sascha Dietrich, Peter Dreger and Thomas Luft
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Summary:The COVID-19 pandemic threatens patients with a compromised immune and endothelial system, including patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloSCT). Thus, there is an unmet need for optimizing vaccination management in this high-risk cohort. Here, we monitored antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S1) in 167 vaccinated alloSCT patients. Humoral immune responses were detectable in 81% of patients after two vaccinations with either mRNA-, vector-based, or heterologous regimens. Age, B-cell counts, time interval from vaccination, and the type of vaccine determined antibody titres in patients without systemic immunosuppression (sIS). Similar to a healthy control cohort, mRNA vaccine-based regimens induced higher titres than vector-based vaccines. Patients on two or more immunosuppressants rarely developed immunity. In contrast, 62% and 45% of patients without or on only one immunosuppressant, respectively, showed a strong humoral vaccination response (titre > 100). Exacerbation of cGVHD upon vaccination was observed in 6% of all patients and in 22% of patients receiving immunosuppression for cGVHD. cGVHD exacerbation and low antibody titres were both associated with higher angiopoietin-2 (ANG2) serum levels. In conclusion, mRNA-based vaccines elicit strong humoral responses in alloSCT patients in the absence of double sIS. Biomarkers such as ANG2 might help with weighing cGVHD risk versus beneficial responses.
Item Description:Gesehen am 24.03.2022
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:2076-393X
DOI:10.3390/vaccines10020330

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