A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b
The He I λ 10833 Å triplet is a powerful tool for characterising the upper atmosphere of exoplanets and tracing possible mass loss. Here, we analysed one transit of GJ 1214 b observed with the CARMENES high-resolution spectrograph to study its atmosphere via transmission spectroscopy around the He...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
04 March 2022
|
| In: |
Astronomy and astrophysics
Year: 2022, Jahrgang: 659, Pages: 1-12 |
| ISSN: | 1432-0746 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/0004-6361/202142455 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142455 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2022/03/aa42455-21/aa42455-21.html 
|
| Verfasserangaben: | J. Orell-Miquel, F. Murgas, E. Pallé, M. Lampón, M. López-Puertas, J. Sanz-Forcada, E. Nagel, A. Kaminski, N. Casasayas-Barris, L. Nortmann, R. Luque, K. Molaverdikhani, E. Sedaghati, J.A. Caballero, P.J. Amado, G. Bergond, S. Czesla, A.P. Hatzes, Th. Henning, S. Khalafinejad, D. Montes, G. Morello, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, A. Sánchez-López, A. Schweitzer, M. Stangret, F. Yan, and M.R. Zapatero Osorio |
MARC
| LEADER | 00000caa a2200000 c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | 1799512703 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20220820164837.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 220413s2022 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1051/0004-6361/202142455 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)1799512703 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)KXP1799512703 | ||
| 035 | |a (OCoLC)1341458979 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rda | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 084 | |a 29 |2 sdnb | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Orell-Miquel, Jaume |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1255780010 |0 (DE-627)1799936554 |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 2 | |a A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b |c J. Orell-Miquel, F. Murgas, E. Pallé, M. Lampón, M. López-Puertas, J. Sanz-Forcada, E. Nagel, A. Kaminski, N. Casasayas-Barris, L. Nortmann, R. Luque, K. Molaverdikhani, E. Sedaghati, J.A. Caballero, P.J. Amado, G. Bergond, S. Czesla, A.P. Hatzes, Th. Henning, S. Khalafinejad, D. Montes, G. Morello, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, A. Sánchez-López, A. Schweitzer, M. Stangret, F. Yan, and M.R. Zapatero Osorio |
| 264 | 1 | |c 04 March 2022 | |
| 300 | |a 12 | ||
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a Computermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Gesehen am 13.04.2022 | ||
| 520 | |a The He I λ 10833 Å triplet is a powerful tool for characterising the upper atmosphere of exoplanets and tracing possible mass loss. Here, we analysed one transit of GJ 1214 b observed with the CARMENES high-resolution spectrograph to study its atmosphere via transmission spectroscopy around the He I triplet. Although previous studies using lower resolution instruments have reported non-detections of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b, we report here the first potential detection. We reconcile the conflicting results arguing that previous transit observations did not present good opportunities for the detection of He I, due to telluric H<sub>2<sub/>O absorption and OH emission contamination. We simulated those earlier observations, and show evidence that the planetary signal was contaminated. From our single non-telluric-contaminated transit, we determined an excess absorption of 2.10 % (4.6 <i>σ<i/>) with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 1.30 Å. The detection of He I is statistically significant at the 4.6 <i>σ<i/> level, but repeatability of the detection could not be confirmed due to the availability of only one transit. By applying a hydrodynamical model and assuming an H/He composition of 98/2, we found that GJ 1214 b would undergo hydrodynamic escape in the photon-limited regime, losing its primary atmosphere with a mass-loss rate of (1.5-18) × 10<sup>10<sup/> g s<sup>−1<sup/> and an outflow temperature in the range of 2900-4400 K. Further high-resolution follow-up observations of GJ 1214 b are needed to confirm and fully characterise the detection of an extended atmosphere surrounding GJ 1214 b. If confirmed, this would be strong evidence that this planet has a primordial atmosphere accreted from the original planetary nebula. Despite previous intensive observations from space- and ground-based observatories, our He I excess absorption is the first tentative detection of a chemical species in the atmosphere of this benchmark sub-Neptune planet | ||
| 700 | 1 | |a Murgas, F. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Pallé, E. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Lampón, M. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a López-Puertas, M. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sanz-Forcada, J. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nagel, E. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Kaminski, Adrian |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1043913025 |0 (DE-627)77104321X |0 (DE-576)396019099 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Casasayas-Barris, N. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Nortmann, L. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Luque, R. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Molaverdikhani, Karan |d 1982- |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1205499784 |0 (DE-627)1691167576 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sedaghati, E. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Caballero, J. A. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Amado, P. J. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Bergond, G. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Czesla, S. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Hatzes, A. P. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Henning, Thomas |d 1956- |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)124568637 |0 (DE-627)526967811 |0 (DE-576)294236120 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Khalafinejad, Sara |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1147389365 |0 (DE-627)1006099433 |0 (DE-576)495804258 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Montes, D. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Morello, G. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Quirrenbach, Andreas |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)112240623 |0 (DE-627)593634780 |0 (DE-576)304098167 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Reiners, A. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Ribas, I. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Sánchez-López, A. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Schweitzer, A. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Stangret, M. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Yan, F. |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Osorio, M. R. Zapatero |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Astronomy and astrophysics |d Les Ulis : EDP Sciences, 1969 |g 659(2022), Artikel-ID A55, Seite 1-12 |h Online-Ressource |w (DE-627)253390222 |w (DE-600)1458466-9 |w (DE-576)072283351 |x 1432-0746 |7 nnas |a A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g volume:659 |g year:2022 |g elocationid:A55 |g pages:1-12 |g extent:12 |a A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142455 |x Verlag |x Resolving-System |z lizenzpflichtig |3 Volltext |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://www.aanda.org/articles/aa/abs/2022/03/aa42455-21/aa42455-21.html |x Verlag |z lizenzpflichtig |3 Volltext |
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 992 | |a 20220413 | ||
| 993 | |a Article | ||
| 994 | |a 2022 | ||
| 998 | |g 112240623 |a Quirrenbach, Andreas |m 112240623:Quirrenbach, Andreas |d 700000 |d 714000 |d 714300 |e 700000PQ112240623 |e 714000PQ112240623 |e 714300PQ112240623 |k 0/700000/ |k 1/700000/714000/ |k 2/700000/714000/714300/ |p 23 | ||
| 998 | |g 1147389365 |a Khalafinejad, Sara |m 1147389365:Khalafinejad, Sara |d 700000 |d 714000 |d 714300 |e 700000PK1147389365 |e 714000PK1147389365 |e 714300PK1147389365 |k 0/700000/ |k 1/700000/714000/ |k 2/700000/714000/714300/ |p 20 |y j | ||
| 998 | |g 124568637 |a Henning, Thomas |m 124568637:Henning, Thomas |d 130000 |e 130000PH124568637 |k 0/130000/ |p 19 | ||
| 998 | |g 1043913025 |a Kaminski, Adrian |m 1043913025:Kaminski, Adrian |d 700000 |d 714000 |d 714300 |e 700000PK1043913025 |e 714000PK1043913025 |e 714300PK1043913025 |k 0/700000/ |k 1/700000/714000/ |k 2/700000/714000/714300/ |p 8 | ||
| 999 | |a KXP-PPN1799512703 |e 4117242458 | ||
| BIB | |a Y | ||
| SER | |a journal | ||
| JSO | |a {"id":{"eki":["1799512703"],"doi":["10.1051/0004-6361/202142455"]},"physDesc":[{"extent":"12 S."}],"relHost":[{"recId":"253390222","note":["Gesehen am 21.06.2024","Erscheint 36mal jährlich in 12 Bänden zu je 3 Ausgaben","Fortsetzung der Druck-Ausgabe"],"language":["eng"],"origin":[{"dateIssuedDisp":"1969-","publisher":"EDP Sciences ; Springer","dateIssuedKey":"1969","publisherPlace":"Les Ulis ; Berlin ; Heidelberg"}],"pubHistory":["1.1969 -"],"name":{"displayForm":["European Southern Observatory (ESO)"]},"titleAlt":[{"title":"Astronomy & astrophysics"},{"title":"a European journal"}],"disp":"A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 bAstronomy and astrophysics","part":{"volume":"659","text":"659(2022), Artikel-ID A55, Seite 1-12","year":"2022","pages":"1-12","extent":"12"},"id":{"zdb":["1458466-9"],"issn":["1432-0746"],"eki":["253390222"]},"type":{"media":"Online-Ressource","bibl":"periodical"},"title":[{"subtitle":"an international weekly journal","title_sort":"Astronomy and astrophysics","title":"Astronomy and astrophysics"}],"physDesc":[{"extent":"Online-Ressource"}],"corporate":[{"display":"European Southern Observatory","role":"isb"}]}],"title":[{"title":"A tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b","title_sort":"tentative detection of He I in the atmosphere of GJ 1214 b"}],"type":{"media":"Online-Ressource","bibl":"article-journal"},"person":[{"role":"aut","given":"Jaume","family":"Orell-Miquel","display":"Orell-Miquel, Jaume"},{"display":"Murgas, F.","family":"Murgas","given":"F.","role":"aut"},{"display":"Pallé, E.","family":"Pallé","given":"E.","role":"aut"},{"family":"Lampón","display":"Lampón, M.","role":"aut","given":"M."},{"display":"López-Puertas, M.","family":"López-Puertas","given":"M.","role":"aut"},{"role":"aut","given":"J.","family":"Sanz-Forcada","display":"Sanz-Forcada, J."},{"given":"E.","role":"aut","display":"Nagel, E.","family":"Nagel"},{"role":"aut","given":"Adrian","family":"Kaminski","display":"Kaminski, Adrian"},{"given":"N.","role":"aut","display":"Casasayas-Barris, N.","family":"Casasayas-Barris"},{"family":"Nortmann","display":"Nortmann, L.","role":"aut","given":"L."},{"role":"aut","given":"R.","family":"Luque","display":"Luque, R."},{"given":"Karan","role":"aut","display":"Molaverdikhani, Karan","family":"Molaverdikhani"},{"family":"Sedaghati","display":"Sedaghati, E.","role":"aut","given":"E."},{"role":"aut","given":"J. A.","family":"Caballero","display":"Caballero, J. A."},{"role":"aut","given":"P. J.","family":"Amado","display":"Amado, P. J."},{"given":"G.","role":"aut","display":"Bergond, G.","family":"Bergond"},{"family":"Czesla","display":"Czesla, S.","role":"aut","given":"S."},{"family":"Hatzes","display":"Hatzes, A. P.","role":"aut","given":"A. P."},{"given":"Thomas","role":"aut","display":"Henning, Thomas","family":"Henning"},{"given":"Sara","role":"aut","display":"Khalafinejad, Sara","family":"Khalafinejad"},{"family":"Montes","display":"Montes, D.","role":"aut","given":"D."},{"display":"Morello, G.","family":"Morello","given":"G.","role":"aut"},{"display":"Quirrenbach, Andreas","family":"Quirrenbach","given":"Andreas","role":"aut"},{"role":"aut","given":"A.","family":"Reiners","display":"Reiners, A."},{"role":"aut","given":"I.","family":"Ribas","display":"Ribas, I."},{"family":"Sánchez-López","display":"Sánchez-López, A.","role":"aut","given":"A."},{"role":"aut","given":"A.","family":"Schweitzer","display":"Schweitzer, A."},{"display":"Stangret, M.","family":"Stangret","given":"M.","role":"aut"},{"family":"Yan","display":"Yan, F.","role":"aut","given":"F."},{"role":"aut","given":"M. R. Zapatero","family":"Osorio","display":"Osorio, M. R. Zapatero"}],"name":{"displayForm":["J. Orell-Miquel, F. Murgas, E. Pallé, M. Lampón, M. López-Puertas, J. Sanz-Forcada, E. Nagel, A. Kaminski, N. Casasayas-Barris, L. Nortmann, R. Luque, K. Molaverdikhani, E. Sedaghati, J.A. Caballero, P.J. Amado, G. Bergond, S. Czesla, A.P. Hatzes, Th. Henning, S. Khalafinejad, D. Montes, G. Morello, A. Quirrenbach, A. Reiners, I. Ribas, A. Sánchez-López, A. Schweitzer, M. Stangret, F. Yan, and M.R. Zapatero Osorio"]},"recId":"1799512703","note":["Gesehen am 13.04.2022"],"language":["eng"],"origin":[{"dateIssuedDisp":"04 March 2022","dateIssuedKey":"2022"}]} | ||
| SRT | |a ORELLMIQUETENTATIVED0420 | ||