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Phenotypic adaptation to antiseptics and effects on biofilm formation capacity and antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of early colonizers in dental plaque

Despite the wide-spread use of antiseptics in dental practice and oral care products, there is little public awareness of potential risks associated with antiseptic resistance and potentially concomitant cross-resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate potential phenotypic adapt...

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Hauptverfasser: Auer, David L. (VerfasserIn) , Mao, Xiaojun (VerfasserIn) , Anderson, Annette C. (VerfasserIn) , Muehler, Denise (VerfasserIn) , Wittmer, Annette (VerfasserIn) , Ohle, Christiane von (VerfasserIn) , Wolff, Diana (VerfasserIn) , Frese, Cornelia (VerfasserIn) , Hiller, Karl-Anton (VerfasserIn) , Maisch, Tim (VerfasserIn) , Buchalla, Wolfgang (VerfasserIn) , Hellwig, Elmar (VerfasserIn) , Al-Ahmad, Ali (VerfasserIn) , Cieplik, Fabian Alfred Aloi (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 19 May 2022
In: Antibiotics
Year: 2022, Jahrgang: 11, Heft: 5, Pages: 1-18
ISSN:2079-6382
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics11050688
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11050688
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/11/5/688
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:David L. Auer, Xiaojun Mao, Annette Carola Anderson, Denise Muehler, Annette Wittmer, Christiane von Ohle, Diana Wolff, Cornelia Frese, Karl-Anton Hiller, Tim Maisch, Wolfgang Buchalla, Elmar Hellwig, Ali Al-Ahmad and Fabian Cieplik
Beschreibung
Zusammenfassung:Despite the wide-spread use of antiseptics in dental practice and oral care products, there is little public awareness of potential risks associated with antiseptic resistance and potentially concomitant cross-resistance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate potential phenotypic adaptation in 177 clinical isolates of early colonizers of dental plaque (Streptococcus, Actinomyces, Rothia and Veillonella spp.) upon repeated exposure to subinhibitory concentrations of chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX) or cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) over 10 passages using a modified microdilution method. Stability of phenotypic adaptation was re-evaluated after culture in antiseptic-free nutrient broth for 24 or 72 h. Strains showing 8-fold minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)-increase were further examined regarding their biofilm formation capacity, phenotypic antibiotic resistance and presence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Eight-fold MIC-increases to CHX were detected in four Streptococcus isolates. These strains mostly exhibited significantly increased biofilm formation capacity compared to their respective wild-type strains. Phenotypic antibiotic resistance was detected to tetracycline and erythromycin, consistent with the detected ARGs. In conclusion, this study shows that clinical isolates of early colonizers of dental plaque can phenotypically adapt toward antiseptics such as CHX upon repeated exposure. The underlying mechanisms at genomic and transcriptomic levels need to be investigated in future studies.
Beschreibung:Gesehen am 14.07.2022
This article belongs to the special issue "Antimicrobial strategies against oral pathogenic bacteria and biofilm"
Beschreibung:Online Resource
ISSN:2079-6382
DOI:10.3390/antibiotics11050688

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