Petrochemical attributes of glazed architectural elements from Middle-Elamite to Achaemenid excavation sites in Iran

Glazed decoration in Iran from the Middle Elamite to the Achaemenid periods includes world art milestones. With the exception of Hasanlu IVB, for most sites, comprehensive chemical and mineralogical data are lacking, owing to the generally profound alteration of the vitreous material. To bridge the...

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Hauptverfasser: Raith, Michael M. (VerfasserIn) , Abdali, Negar (VerfasserIn) , Yule, Paul (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 3 September 2022
In: Archaeological and anthropological sciences
Year: 2022, Jahrgang: 14, Heft: 9, Pages: 1-30
ISSN:1866-9565
DOI:10.1007/s12520-022-01648-6
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12520-022-01648-6
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Verfasserangaben:Michael M. Raith, Negar Abdali, Paul A. Yule

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520 |a Glazed decoration in Iran from the Middle Elamite to the Achaemenid periods includes world art milestones. With the exception of Hasanlu IVB, for most sites, comprehensive chemical and mineralogical data are lacking, owing to the generally profound alteration of the vitreous material. To bridge the information gap, and to enable to reconstruct operation production chains in a diachronic fashion, thirty-six glazed artefacts from Qalaichi, Rabat, Hasanlu, Ziwiye, Chogha Zanbil, Susa and Persepolis are studied. The microstructural make-up and alteration phenomena of glazes are characterized by petrographic microscopy, back-scattered electron (BSE) imaging and electron probe microanalysis (WDS-EPMA) on high-quality polished thin sections. Pristine glaze domains at all sites show plant ash soda-lime glass compositions and indicate the use of regionally specific halophyte species for soda production. A distinct feature in the composition of white and turquoise glazes from Qalaichi, Ziwiye and Achaemenid Susa is the employment of sodium-antimonate as white colourant and opacifier. Inter-diffusion and dissolution-precipitation are identified as regionally and temporally contrasting alteration processes. 
650 4 |a Alteration effects 
650 4 |a Ancient Iranian glazes 
650 4 |a Glaze compositional attributes 
650 4 |a Halophytic plant ash-soda flux 
650 4 |a Interaction layer 
650 4 |a Petrochemical analyses 
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