Dialysis-associated peritonitis in children

Peritonitis remains a frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis in children and is the most common reason for technique failure. The microbiology is characterized by a predominance of Gram-positive organisms, with fungi responsible for less than 5% of episodes. Data collected by the International...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Chadha, Vimal (Author) , Schaefer, Franz (Author) , Warady, Bradley A. (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2010
In: Pediatric nephrology
Year: 2010, Volume: 25, Issue: 3, Pages: 425-440
ISSN:1432-198X
DOI:10.1007/s00467-008-1113-6
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00467-008-1113-6
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Author Notes:Vimal Chadha, Franz S. Schaefer, Bradley A. Warady

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520 |a Peritonitis remains a frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis in children and is the most common reason for technique failure. The microbiology is characterized by a predominance of Gram-positive organisms, with fungi responsible for less than 5% of episodes. Data collected by the International Pediatric Peritonitis Registry have revealed a worldwide variation in the bacterial etiology of peritonitis, as well as in the rate of culture-negative peritonitis. Risk factors for infection include young age, the absence of prophylactic antibiotics at catheter placement, spiking of dialysis bags, and the presence of a catheter exit-site or tunnel infection. Clinical symptoms at presentation are somewhat organism specific and can be objectively assessed with a Disease Severity Score. Whereas recommendations for empiric antibiotic therapy in children have been published by the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis, epidemiologic data and antibiotic susceptibility data suggest that it may be desirable to take the patient- and center-specific history of microorganisms and their sensitivity patterns into account when prescribing initial therapy. The vast majority of patients are treated successfully and continue peritoneal dialysis, with the poorest outcome noted in patients with peritonitis secondary to Gram-negative organisms or fungi and in those with a relapsing infection. 
650 4 |a Anti-Bacterial Agents 
650 4 |a Catheter-Related Infections 
650 4 |a Child 
650 4 |a Drug Resistance, Bacterial 
650 4 |a Humans 
650 4 |a Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory 
650 4 |a Peritonitis 
650 4 |a Recurrence 
650 4 |a Renal Insufficiency 
650 4 |a Risk Factors 
650 4 |a Treatment Outcome 
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