Diagnosis and classification of optic neuritis
There is no consensus regarding the classification of optic neuritis, and precise diagnostic criteria are not available. This reality means that the diagnosis of disorders that have optic neuritis as the first manifestation can be challenging. Accurate diagnosis of optic neuritis at presentation can...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
September 27, 2022
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| In: |
The lancet
Year: 2022, Volume: 21, Issue: 12, Pages: 1120-1134 |
| ISSN: | 1474-4465 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9 |
| Online Access: | Resolving-System, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(22)00200-9 Verlag, Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474442222002009 
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| Author Notes: | Axel Petzold, Clare L Fraser, Mathias Abegg, Raed Alroughani, Daniah Alshowaeir, Regina Alvarenga, Cécile Andris, Nasrin Asgari, Yael Barnett, Roberto Battistella, Raed Behbehani, Thomas Berger, Mukharram M Bikbov, Damien Biotti, Valerie Biousse, Antonella Boschi, Milan Brazdil, Andrei Brezhnev, Peter A Calabresi, Monique Cordonnier, Fiona Costello, Franz M Cruz, Leonardo Provetti Cunha, Smail Daoudi, Romain Deschamps, Jerome de Seze, Ricarda Diem, Masoud Etemadifar, Jose Flores-Rivera, Pedro Fonseca, Jette Frederiksen, Elliot Frohman, Teresa Frohman, Caroline Froment Tilikete, Kazuo Fujihara, Alberto Gálvez, Riadh Gouider, Fernando Gracia, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, José M Guajardo, Mario Habek, Marko Hawlina, Elena H Martínez-Lapiscina, Juzar Hooker, Jyh Yung Hor, William Howlett, Yumin Huang-Link, Zhannat Idrissova, Zsolt Illes, Jasna Jancic, Panitha Jindahra, Dimitrios Karussis, Emilia Kerty, Ho Jin Kim, Wolf Lagrèze, Letizia Leocani, Netta Levin, Petra Liskova, Yaou Liu, Youssoufa Maiga, Romain Marignier, Chris McGuigan, Dália Meira, Harold Merle, Mário L R Monteiro, Anand Moodley, Frederico Moura, Silvia Muñoz, Sharik Mustafa, Ichiro Nakashima, Susana Noval, Carlos Oehninger, Olufunmilola Ogun, Afekhide Omoti, Lekha Pandit, Friedemann Paul, Gema Rebolleda, Stephen Reddel, Konrad Rejdak, Robert Rejdak, Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales, Marie-Bénédicte Rougier, Maria Jose Sa, Bernardo Sanchez-Dalmau, Deanna Saylor, Ismail Shatriah, Aksel Siva, Hadas Stiebel-Kalish, Gabriella Szatmary, Linh Ta, Silvia Tenembaum, Huy Tran, Yevgen Trufanov, Vincent van Pesch, An-Guor Wang, Mike P Wattjes, Ernest Willoughby, Magd Zakaria, Jasmin Zvornicanin, Laura Balcer, Gordon T Plant |
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| 520 | |a There is no consensus regarding the classification of optic neuritis, and precise diagnostic criteria are not available. This reality means that the diagnosis of disorders that have optic neuritis as the first manifestation can be challenging. Accurate diagnosis of optic neuritis at presentation can facilitate the timely treatment of individuals with multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease. Epidemiological data show that, cumulatively, optic neuritis is most frequently caused by many conditions other than multiple sclerosis. Worldwide, the cause and management of optic neuritis varies with geographical location, treatment availability, and ethnic background. We have developed diagnostic criteria for optic neuritis and a classification of optic neuritis subgroups. Our diagnostic criteria are based on clinical features that permit a diagnosis of possible optic neuritis; further paraclinical tests, utilising brain, orbital, and retinal imaging, together with antibody and other protein biomarker data, can lead to a diagnosis of definite optic neuritis. Paraclinical tests can also be applied retrospectively on stored samples and historical brain or retinal scans, which will be useful for future validation studies. Our criteria have the potential to reduce the risk of misdiagnosis, provide information on optic neuritis disease course that can guide future treatment trial design, and enable physicians to judge the likelihood of a need for long-term pharmacological management, which might differ according to optic neuritis subgroups. | ||
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