Does self-harm have the desired effect?: comparing non-suicidal self-injury to high-urge moments in an ambulatory assessment design
All theoretical models of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) posit that regulation of negative affect (NA) is a central motive for NSSI, and cross-sectional work supports this. However, previous ambulatory assessment (AA) studies that examined NSSI found mixed results. We investigated the affect regula...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
8 February 2023
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| In: |
Behaviour research and therapy
Year: 2023, Volume: 162, Pages: 1-11 |
| ISSN: | 1873-622X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104273 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2023.104273 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796723000220 
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| Author Notes: | Lisa M. Störkel, Inga Niedtfeld, Christian Schmahl, Johanna Hepp |
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| 520 | |a All theoretical models of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) posit that regulation of negative affect (NA) is a central motive for NSSI, and cross-sectional work supports this. However, previous ambulatory assessment (AA) studies that examined NSSI found mixed results. We investigated the affect regulation function of NSSI in 51 women with DSM-5 NSSI disorder in a 15-day AA study with five random daily prompts and self-initiated NSSI prompts. We extend previous work by i) comparing NSSI moments to moments of a high-urge for NSSI, ii) adding high-frequency sampling following NSSI and high-urge moments, and iii) including tension as a dependent variable. We hypothesized that NA and tension would show a steeper decrease following NSSI than following high-urge moments, if NSSI was effective in reducing NA and tension. Results showed that the significant linear NA decline following NSSI was not steeper than that following high-urge moments. For aversive tension, we found that NSSI was associated with a significant linear decrease in tension, whereas resisting an urge was not. High-urge moments were better described by an inverted U-shaped pattern, likewise leading to decreased NA and tension following the reported urge. In exploratory analyses, we provide visualized clustering of the NA and tension trajectories surrounding NSSI using k-means and relate these to participants’ self-rated effectiveness of the NSSI events. Findings indicate that resisting an urge may also be effective in managing NA and tension and underline the utility of interventions such as urge-surfing. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a Affect | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Ambulatory assessment | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Emotion regulation | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Non-suicidal self-injury | |
| 650 | 4 | |a Tension | |
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