Impact of salt intake and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade on lung severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 host factors
Introduction: The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as well as the transmembrane protease serine type 2 (TMPRSS2) have been found to play roles in cell entry for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infec...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
July 25, 2022
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| In: |
Kidney & blood pressure research
Year: 2022, Volume: 47, Issue: 9, Pages: 565-575 |
| ISSN: | 1423-0143 |
| DOI: | 10.1159/000525368 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1159/000525368 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://karger.com/kbr/article/47/9/565/824508/Impact-of-Salt-Intake-and-Renin-Angiotensin 
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| Author Notes: | Xiaoli Zhang, Liping Liu, Mohamed M.S. Gaballa, Ahmed A. Hasan, Yingquan Xiong, Li Xie, Thomas Klein, Denis Delic, Burkhard Kleuser, Bernhard K. Krämer, Jian Li, Berthold Hocher |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Impact of salt intake and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade on lung severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 host factors |c Xiaoli Zhang, Liping Liu, Mohamed M.S. Gaballa, Ahmed A. Hasan, Yingquan Xiong, Li Xie, Thomas Klein, Denis Delic, Burkhard Kleuser, Bernhard K. Krämer, Jian Li, Berthold Hocher |
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| 520 | |a Introduction: The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as well as the transmembrane protease serine type 2 (TMPRSS2) have been found to play roles in cell entry for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). SARS-CoV-2 infection risk and severity of COVID-19 might be indicated by the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the lung. Methods: A high-salt diet rat model and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockade were used to test whether these factors affect ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in the lung. A normal (0.3% NaCl), a medium (2% NaCl), or a high (8% NaCl) salt diet was fed to rats for 12 weeks, along with enalapril or telmisartan, before examining the lung for histopathological alteration. Using immunofluorescence and qRT-PCR, the localization as well as mRNA expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 were investigated. Results: The findings provide evidence that both TMPRSS2 and ACE2 are highly expressed in bronchial epithelial cells as well as ACE2 was also expressed in alveolar type 2 cells. High-salt diet exposure in rats leads to elevated ACE2 expression on protein level. Treatment with RAAS blockers had no effect on lung tissue expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2. Conclusions: These findings offer biological support regarding the safety of these drugs that are often prescribed to COVID-19 patients with cardiovascular comorbidity. High salt intake, on the other hand, might adversely affect COVID-19 outcome. Our preclinical data should stimulate clinical studies addressing this point of concern. | ||
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