T-cell proliferation assay for the detection of SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells

Both infection with and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 trigger a complex B-cell and T-cell response. Methods for the analysis of the B-cell response are now well established. However, reliable methods for measuring the T-cell response are less well established and their usefulness in clinical settin...

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Hauptverfasser: Chu, Chang (VerfasserIn) , Schönbrunn, Anne (VerfasserIn) , Elitok, Saban (VerfasserIn) , Kern, Florian (VerfasserIn) , Schnatbaum, Karsten (VerfasserIn) , Wenschuh, Holger (VerfasserIn) , Klemm, Kristin (VerfasserIn) , von Baehr, Volker (VerfasserIn) , Krämer, Bernhard (VerfasserIn) , Hocher, Berthold (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 1 July 2022
In: Clinica chimica acta
Year: 2022, Jahrgang: 532, Pages: 130-136
ISSN:1873-3492
DOI:10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.025
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2022.05.025
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0009898122011780
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Chang Chu, Anne Schönbrunn, Saban Elitok, Florian Kern, Karsten Schnatbaum, Holger Wenschuh, Kristin Klemm, Volker von Baehr, Bernhard K. Krämer, Berthold Hocher

MARC

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520 |a Both infection with and vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 trigger a complex B-cell and T-cell response. Methods for the analysis of the B-cell response are now well established. However, reliable methods for measuring the T-cell response are less well established and their usefulness in clinical settings still needs to be proven. Here, we have developed and validated a T-cell proliferation assay based on 3H thymidine incorporation. The assay is using SARS-CoV-2 derived peptide pools that cover the spike (S), the nucleocapsid (N) and the membrane (M) protein for stimulation. We have compared this novel SARS-CoV-2 lymphocyte transformation test (SARS-CoV-2 LTT) to an established ELISA assay detecting Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The study was carried out using blood samples from both vaccinated and infected health care workers as well as from a non-infected control group. Our novel SARS-CoV-2 LTT shows excellent discrimination of infected and/or vaccinated individuals versus unexposed controls, with the ROC analysis showing an area under the curve (AUC) of > 0.95. No false positives were recorded as all unexposed controls had a negative LTT result. When using peptide pools not only representing the S protein (found in all currently approved vaccines) but also the N and M proteins (not contained in the vast majority of vaccines), the novel SARS-CoV-2 LTT can also discriminate T-cell responses resulting from vaccination against those induced by infection. 
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