Pervasive prophage recombination occurs during evolution of spore-forming Bacilli

Phages are the main source of within-species bacterial diversity and drivers of horizontal gene transfer, but we know little about the mechanisms that drive genetic diversity of these mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, we showed that a sporulation selection regime promotes evolutionary change...

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Hauptverfasser: Dragoš, Anna (VerfasserIn) , Priyadarshini, B. (VerfasserIn) , Hasan, Zahraa (VerfasserIn) , Strube, Mikael Lenz (VerfasserIn) , Kempen, Paul J. (VerfasserIn) , Maróti, Gergely (VerfasserIn) , Kaspar, Charlotte (VerfasserIn) , Bose, Baundauna (VerfasserIn) , Burton, Briana M. (VerfasserIn) , Bischofs-Pfeifer, Ilka (VerfasserIn) , Kovács, Ákos T. (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 2021
In: The ISME journal
Year: 2021, Jahrgang: 15, Heft: 5, Pages: 1344-1358
ISSN:1751-7370
DOI:10.1038/s41396-020-00854-1
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41396-020-00854-1
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41396-020-00854-1
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Anna Dragoš, B. Priyadarshini, Zahraa Hasan, Mikael Lenz Strube, Paul J. Kempen, Gergely Maróti, Charlotte Kaspar, Baundauna Bose, Briana M. Burton, Ilka B. Bischofs, Ákos T. Kovács

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520 |a Phages are the main source of within-species bacterial diversity and drivers of horizontal gene transfer, but we know little about the mechanisms that drive genetic diversity of these mobile genetic elements (MGEs). Recently, we showed that a sporulation selection regime promotes evolutionary changes within SPβ prophage of Bacillus subtilis, leading to direct antagonistic interactions within the population. Herein, we reveal that under a sporulation selection regime, SPβ recombines with low copy number phi3Ts phage DNA present within the B. subtilis population. Recombination results in a new prophage occupying a different integration site, as well as the spontaneous release of virulent phage hybrids. Analysis of Bacillus sp. strains suggests that SPβ and phi3T belong to a distinct cluster of unusually large phages inserted into sporulation-related genes that are equipped with a spore-related genetic arsenal. Comparison of Bacillus sp. genomes indicates that similar diversification of SPβ-like phages takes place in nature. Our work is a stepping stone toward empirical studies on phage evolution, and understanding the eco-evolutionary relationships between bacteria and their phages. By capturing the first steps of new phage evolution, we reveal striking relationship between survival strategy of bacteria and evolution of their phages. 
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