Cancer drug prices in the United States: efficacy, innovation, clinical trial evidence, and epidemiology

Objectives - Rising cancer drug prices challenge patients and healthcare systems. Although prices are routinely assigned to original drug indications receiving US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, the pricing of supplemental indication approvals remains uncertain. This study identifies an...

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Hauptverfasser: Michaeli, Daniel (VerfasserIn) , Michaeli, Christoph T. (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: November 2023
In: Value in health
Year: 2023, Jahrgang: 26, Heft: 11, Pages: 1590-1600
ISSN:1524-4733
DOI:10.1016/j.jval.2023.06.020
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2023.06.020
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1098301523030656
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Daniel Tobias Michaeli, MSc, Thomas Michaeli, MD, MSc

MARC

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520 |a Objectives - Rising cancer drug prices challenge patients and healthcare systems. Although prices are routinely assigned to original drug indications receiving US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, the pricing of supplemental indication approvals remains uncertain. This study identifies and quantifies factors associated with cancer drug prices, distinctly analyzing original and supplemental indications. - Methods - Clinical trial evidence and epidemiologic data supporting new indications’ FDA approval (2003-2022) were collected from the DrugsFDA database, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Global Burden of Disease study. Indication-specific monthly treatment costs were calculated for Medicare patients. The association between log-prices and collected variables were assessed in regression analyses. - Results - We identified 145 drugs approved across 373 cancer indications. Drugs were priced at $24 444 per month on average (median = $16 013). For original indications, prices weakly correlated to improvements in overall survival (β = 0.28, P = .037) and progression-free survival (β = 0.16, P = .001). Original indications’ prices were as follows: (1) negatively associated with disease incidence (β = −0.21, P < .001) and prevalence; (2) positively correlated with first-in-class drugs (26%, P = .057), gene and cell therapies (176%, P < .001), hematologic cancers (62%, P < .001), and severe diseases with substantial unmet needs (6% per disability-adjusted life-year, P < .001); and (3) negatively correlated to indications with randomized-controlled phase 3 trials. Prices were poorly associated with supplemental indications’ efficacy, clinical evidence, and epidemiology. - Conclusions - Cancer drug prices are set based on the original indication’s characteristics, thereby omitting the value of supplemental indications. Indication-specific pricing, coverage, and reimbursement policies considering each indication’s safety, efficacy, innovativeness, and unmet needs are necessary to align a drug’s value and price. 
650 4 |a cancer drugs 
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650 4 |a disability-adjusted life-year 
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650 4 |a multiple indications 
650 4 |a overall survival 
650 4 |a progression-free survival 
650 4 |a unmet needs 
650 4 |a value-based pricing 
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