Compensation of concomitant field effects in double diffusion encoding by means of added oscillating gradients

Maxwell or concomitant fields imprint additional phases on the transverse magnetization. This concomitant phase may cause severe image artifacts like signal voids or distort the quantitative parameters due to the induced intravoxel dephasing. In particular, double diffusion encoding (DDE) schemes wi...

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Hauptverfasser: Rauch, Julian (VerfasserIn) , Laun, Frederik B. (VerfasserIn) , Bachert, Peter (VerfasserIn) , Ladd, Mark E. (VerfasserIn) , Kuder, Tristan Anselm (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: January 2024
In: Magnetic resonance imaging
Year: 2024, Jahrgang: 105, Pages: 133-141
ISSN:1873-5894
DOI:10.1016/j.mri.2023.11.006
Online-Zugang:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2023.11.006
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0730725X23001923?via%3Dihub
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Julian Rauch, Frederik B. Laun, Peter Bachert, Mark E. Ladd, Tristan A. Kuder

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520 |a Maxwell or concomitant fields imprint additional phases on the transverse magnetization. This concomitant phase may cause severe image artifacts like signal voids or distort the quantitative parameters due to the induced intravoxel dephasing. In particular, double diffusion encoding (DDE) schemes with two pairs of bipolar diffusion-weighting gradients separated by a refocusing radiofrequency (RF) pulse are prone to concomitant field-induced artifacts. In this work, a method for reducing concomitant field effects in these DDE sequences based on addi-tional oscillating gradients is presented. These oscillating gradient pulses obtained by constrained optimization were added to the original gradient waveforms. The modified sequences reduced the accumulated concomitant phase without significant changes in the original sequence characteristics. The proposed method was applied to a DDE acquisition scheme consisting of 60 pairs of diffusion wave vectors. For phantom as well as for in vivo experiments, a considerable increase in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) was obtained. For phantom measurements with a diffusion weighting of b = 2000 s/mm2 for each of the gradient pairs, an SNR increase of up to 40% was observed for a transversal slice that had a distance of 5 cm from the isocenter. For equivalent slice parameters, in vivo measurements in the brain of a healthy volunteer exhibited an increase in SNR of up to 35% for b = 750 s/ mm2 for each weighting. These findings are supported by corresponding simulations, which also predict a positive effect on the SNR. In summary, the presented method leads to an SNR gain without additional RF refocusing pulses. 
650 4 |a ALGORITHM 
650 4 |a ANISOTROPY 
650 4 |a ARTIFACTS 
650 4 |a Concomitant fields 
650 4 |a CONSTRAINTS 
650 4 |a CONTRAST 
650 4 |a Diffusion weighting 
650 4 |a Double diffusion encoding 
650 4 |a K-SPACE 
650 4 |a MR 
650 4 |a Optimization 
650 4 |a OPTIMIZATION 
650 4 |a Oscillating gradients 
650 4 |a Sequence design 
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