Anxiety onset in adolescents: a machine-learning prediction

Recent longitudinal studies in youth have reported MRI correlates of prospective anxiety symptoms during adolescence, a vulnerable period for the onset of anxiety disorders. However, their predictive value has not been established. Individual prediction through machine-learning algorithms might help...

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Hauptverfasser: Chavanne, Alice V. (VerfasserIn) , Paillère Martinot, Marie Laure (VerfasserIn) , Penttilä, Jani (VerfasserIn) , Grimmer, Yvonne (VerfasserIn) , Conrod, Patricia (VerfasserIn) , Stringaris, Argyris (VerfasserIn) , van Noort, Betteke (VerfasserIn) , Isensee, Corinna (VerfasserIn) , Becker, Andreas (VerfasserIn) , Banaschewski, Tobias (VerfasserIn) , Bokde, Arun L. W. (VerfasserIn) , Desrivières, Sylvane (VerfasserIn) , Flor, Herta (VerfasserIn) , Grigis, Antoine (VerfasserIn) , Garavan, Hugh (VerfasserIn) , Gowland, Penny (VerfasserIn) , Heinz, Andreas (VerfasserIn) , Brühl, Rüdiger (VerfasserIn) , Nees, Frauke (VerfasserIn) , Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri (VerfasserIn) , Paus, Tomáš (VerfasserIn) , Poustka, Luise (VerfasserIn) , Hohmann, Sarah (VerfasserIn) , Millenet, Sabina (VerfasserIn) , Fröhner, Juliane (VerfasserIn) , Smolka, Michael (VerfasserIn) , Walter, Henrik (VerfasserIn) , Whelan, Robert (VerfasserIn) , Schumann, Gunter (VerfasserIn) , Martinot, Jean-Luc (VerfasserIn) , Artiges, Eric (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 2023
In: Molecular psychiatry
Year: 2023, Jahrgang: 28, Heft: 2, Pages: 639-646
ISSN:1476-5578
DOI:10.1038/s41380-022-01840-z
Online-Zugang:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-022-01840-z
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41380-022-01840-z
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Alice V. Chavanne, Marie Laure Paillère Martinot, Jani Penttilä, Yvonne Grimmer, Patricia Conrod, Argyris Stringaris, Betteke van Noort, Corinna Isensee, Andreas Becker, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L.W. Bokde, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rüdiger Brühl, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Tomáš Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Sabina Millenet, Juliane H. Fröhner, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Eric Artiges, for the IMAGEN consortium

MARC

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520 |a Recent longitudinal studies in youth have reported MRI correlates of prospective anxiety symptoms during adolescence, a vulnerable period for the onset of anxiety disorders. However, their predictive value has not been established. Individual prediction through machine-learning algorithms might help bridge the gap to clinical relevance. A voting classifier with Random Forest, Support Vector Machine and Logistic Regression algorithms was used to evaluate the predictive pertinence of gray matter volumes of interest and psychometric scores in the detection of prospective clinical anxiety. Participants with clinical anxiety at age 18-23 (N = 156) were investigated at age 14 along with healthy controls (N = 424). Shapley values were extracted for in-depth interpretation of feature importance. Prospective prediction of pooled anxiety disorders relied mostly on psychometric features and achieved moderate performance (area under the receiver operating curve = 0.68), while generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) prediction achieved similar performance. MRI regional volumes did not improve the prediction performance of prospective pooled anxiety disorders with respect to psychometric features alone, but they improved the prediction performance of GAD, with the caudate and pallidum volumes being among the most contributing features. To conclude, in non-anxious 14 year old adolescents, future clinical anxiety onset 4-8 years later could be individually predicted. Psychometric features such as neuroticism, hopelessness and emotional symptoms were the main contributors to pooled anxiety disorders prediction. Neuroanatomical data, such as caudate and pallidum volume, proved valuable for GAD and should be included in prospective clinical anxiety prediction in adolescents. 
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