Value-based indication-specific pricing and weighted-average pricing: estimated price and cost savings for cancer drugs

Objectives For US Medicare and Medicaid, single drug prices do not reflect the value of supplemental indications. Value-based indication-specific and weighted-average pricing has been suggested for drugs with multiple indications. Under indication-specific pricing, a distinct price is assigned to th...

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Hauptverfasser: Michaeli, Daniel (VerfasserIn) , Michaeli, Christoph T. (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: April 2025
In: PharmacoEconomics
Year: 2025, Jahrgang: 43, Heft: 4, Pages: 415-427
ISSN:1179-2027
DOI:10.1007/s40273-024-01448-x
Online-Zugang:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40273-024-01448-x
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40273-024-01448-x
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Verfasserangaben:Daniel Tobias Michaeli, Thomas Michaeli

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520 |a Objectives For US Medicare and Medicaid, single drug prices do not reflect the value of supplemental indications. Value-based indication-specific and weighted-average pricing has been suggested for drugs with multiple indications. Under indication-specific pricing, a distinct price is assigned to the differential value a drug offers in each indication. Under weighted-average pricing, a single drug price is calculated that reflects the value and/or volume of each indication. This study estimates price reductions and cost savings for cancer drugs under value-based indication-specific pricing and weighted-average pricing. Methods We collected data on US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved cancer drugs and indications (2003-2020) from FDA labels, the Global Burden of Disease study, clinicaltrials.gov, and Medicare and Medicaid. A multivariable regression analysis, informed by characteristics of original indications, was used to predict value-based indication-specific prices for supplemental indications. These indication-specific prices were combined with each indication’s prevalence data to estimate value-based weighted-average prices and potential cost savings under each policy. Results We identified 123 cancer drugs with 308 indications. Medicare and Medicaid spent a total of $28.2 billion on these drugs in 2020. Adopting value-based indication-specific pricing would increase drug prices by an average of 3.9%, with cost savings of $3.0 billion (10.6%). However, 43.7% higher prices for ultra-rare diseases would increase spending by 16.8% ($44 million). Adopting value-based weighted-average pricing would reduce prices by an average of 4.6% and spending by $3.0 billion (10.6%). Under weighted-average pricing, prices for and spending on ultra-rare diseases would be reduced by 22.6% and $55 million, respectively. Conclusions Value-based indication-specific and weighted-average pricing could help to align the value and price of new indications, thereby reducing expenditure on drugs with multiple indications. 
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