Telemedicine networks for acute stroke: an analysis of global coverage, gaps, and opportunities

Background: Despite the proven efficacy of telestroke in improving clinical outcomes by providing access to specialized expertise and allowing rapid expert hyperacute stroke management and decision-making, detailed operational evidence is scarce, especially for less developed or lower income regions...

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Main Authors: Tunkl, Christine (Author) , Agarwal, Ayush (Author) , Ramage, Emily (Author) , Velez, Faddi Saleh (Author) , Roushdy, Tamer (Author) , Ullberg, Teresa (Author) , Li, Linxin (Author) , Carbonera, Leonardo A (Author) , Yusof Khan, Abdul Hanif Khan (Author) , Ciopleias, Bogdan (Author) , Law, Zhe Kang (Author) , Katsanos, Aristeidis H (Author) , Heldner, Mirjam R (Author) , Khan, Maria (Author) , Matuja, Sarah (Author) , Alet, Matias J (Author) , Lagos-Servellón, Javier (Author) , Minhas, Jatinder S (Author) , Zuurbier, Susanna M (Author) , Mosconi, Maria Giulia (Author) , Lotlikar, Radhika (Author) , Elkady, Ahmed (Author) , Gerner, Stefan T (Author) , Shreyan, Shirsho (Author) , Krauß, Alexandra (Author) , Gumbinger, Christoph (Author) , Srivastava, Padma (Author) , Kiper, Pawel (Author) , Ohannessian, Robin (Author) , Berberich, Anne (Author) , Sampaio Silva, Gisele (Author) , Ranta, Anna (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: March 2025
In: International journal of stroke
Year: 2025, Volume: 20, Issue: 3, Pages: 297-309
ISSN:1747-4949
DOI:10.1177/17474930241298450
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1177/17474930241298450
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/17474930241298450
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Author Notes:Christine Tunkl, Ayush Agarwal, Emily Ramage, Faddi Saleh Velez, Tamer Roushdy, Teresa Ullberg, Linxin Li, Leonardo A Carbonera, Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof Khan, Bogdan Ciopleias, Zhe Kang Law, Aristeidis H Katsanos, Mirjam R Heldner, Maria Khan, Sarah Matuja, Matias J Alet, Javier Lagos-Servellón, Jatinder S Minhas, Susanna M Zuurbier, Maria Giulia Mosconi, Radhika Lotlikar, Ahmed Elkady, Stefan T Gerner, Shirsho Shreyan, Alexandra Krauss, Christoph Gumbinger, Padma Srivastava, Pawel Kiper, Robin Ohannessian, Anne Berberich, Gisele Sampaio Silva and Anna Ranta

MARC

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520 |a Background: Despite the proven efficacy of telestroke in improving clinical outcomes by providing access to specialized expertise and allowing rapid expert hyperacute stroke management and decision-making, detailed operational evidence is scarce, especially for less developed or lower income regions. - Aim: We aimed to map the global telestroke landscape and characterize existing networks. - Methods: We employed a four-tiered approach to comprehensively identify telestroke networks, primarily involving engagement with national stroke experts, stroke societies, and international stroke authorities. A carefully designed questionnaire was then distributed to the leaders of all identified networks to assess these networks’ structures, processes, and outcomes. - Results: We identified 254 telestroke networks distributed across 67 countries. High-income countries (HICs) concentrated 175 (69%) of the networks. No evidence of telestroke services was found in 58 (30%) countries. From the identified networks, 88 (34%) completed the survey, being 61 (71%) located in HICs. Network setup was highly heterogeneous, ranging from 17 (22%) networks with more than 20 affiliated hospitals, providing thousands of annual consultations using purpose-built highly specialized technology, to 11 (13%) networks with fewer than 120 consultations annually using generic videoconferencing equipment. Real-time video and image transfer was employed in 64 (75%) networks, while 62 (74%) conducting quality monitoring. Most networks established in the past 3 years were located in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). - Conclusion: This comprehensive global survey of telestroke networks found significant variation in network coverage, setup, and technology use. Most services are in HICs, and a few services are in LMICs, although an emerging trend of new networks in these regions marks a pivotal moment in global telestroke care. The wide variation in quality monitoring practices across networks, with many failing to report key performance metrics, underscores the urgent need for standardized, resource-appropriate, quality assurance measures that can be adapted to diverse settings. 
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