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Discovery and characterization of an eccentric, warm Saturn transiting the solar analog TOI-4994

We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of , , and Teff = 5640 ± 110 K. We obta...

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Main Authors: Rodríguez Martínez, Romy (Author) , Eastman, Jason D. (Author) , Collins, Karen A. (Author) , Rodriguez, Joseph E. (Author) , Charbonneau, David (Author) , Quinn, Samuel N. (Author) , Latham, David W. (Author) , Ziegler, Carl (Author) , Brahm, Rafael (Author) , Fairnington, Tyler R. (Author) , Ulmer-Moll, SolÉne (Author) , Stassun, Keivan G. (Author) , Suarez, Olga (Author) , Guillot, Tristan (Author) , Hobson, Melissa J. (Author) , Winn, Joshua N. (Author) , Kanodia, Shubham (Author) , Schlecker, Martin (Author) , Butler, R. P. (Author) , Crane, Jeffrey D. (Author) , Shectman, Steve (Author) , Teske, Johanna K. (Author) , Osip, David (Author) , Beletsky, Yuri (Author) , Battley, Matthew P. (Author) , Psaridi, Angelica (Author) , Figueira, Pedro (Author) , Lendl, Monika (Author) , Bouchy, François (Author) , Udry, Stéphane (Author) , Kunimoto, Michelle (Author) , Mékarnia, Djamel (Author) , Abe, Lyu (Author) , Trifonov, Trifon (Author) , Tala Pinto, Marcelo (Author) , Eberhardt, Jan (Author) , Espinoza, Nestor (Author) , Henning, Thomas (Author) , Jordán, Andrés (Author) , Rojas, Felipe I. (Author) , Barkaoui, Khalid (Author) , Relles, Howard M. (Author) , Srdoc, Gregor (Author) , Collins, Kevin I. (Author) , Seager, Sara (Author) , Shporer, Avi (Author) , Vezie, Michael (Author) , Hedges, Christina (Author) , Mireles, Ismael (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2025 January 15
In: The astronomical journal
Year: 2025, Volume: 169, Issue: 2, Pages: 1-12
ISSN:1538-3881
DOI:10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ad9b90
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Author Notes:Romy Rodríguez Martínez, Jason D. Eastman, Karen A. Collins, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David Charbonneau, Samuel N. Quinn, David W. Latham, Carl Ziegler, Rafael Brahm, Tyler R. Fairnington, SolÉne Ulmer-Moll, Keivan G. Stassun, Olga Suarez, Tristan Guillot, Melissa J. Hobson, Joshua N. Winn, Shubham Kanodia, Martin Schlecker, R.P. Butler, Jeffrey D. Crane, Steve Shectman, Johanna K. Teske, David Osip, Yuri Beletsky, Matthew P. Battley, Angelica Psaridi, Pedro Figueira, Monika Lendl, François Bouchy, Stéphane Udry, Michelle Kunimoto, Djamel Mékarnia, Lyu Abe, Trifon Trifonov, Marcelo Tala Pinto, Jan Eberhardt, Nestor Espinoza, Thomas Henning, Andrés Jordán, Felipe I. Rojas, Khalid Barkaoui, Howard M. Relles, Gregor Srdoc, Kevin I. Collins, Sara Seager, Avi Shporer, Michael Vezie, Christina Hedges, and Ismael Mireles

MARC

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245 1 0 |a Discovery and characterization of an eccentric, warm Saturn transiting the solar analog TOI-4994  |c Romy Rodríguez Martínez, Jason D. Eastman, Karen A. Collins, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David Charbonneau, Samuel N. Quinn, David W. Latham, Carl Ziegler, Rafael Brahm, Tyler R. Fairnington, SolÉne Ulmer-Moll, Keivan G. Stassun, Olga Suarez, Tristan Guillot, Melissa J. Hobson, Joshua N. Winn, Shubham Kanodia, Martin Schlecker, R.P. Butler, Jeffrey D. Crane, Steve Shectman, Johanna K. Teske, David Osip, Yuri Beletsky, Matthew P. Battley, Angelica Psaridi, Pedro Figueira, Monika Lendl, François Bouchy, Stéphane Udry, Michelle Kunimoto, Djamel Mékarnia, Lyu Abe, Trifon Trifonov, Marcelo Tala Pinto, Jan Eberhardt, Nestor Espinoza, Thomas Henning, Andrés Jordán, Felipe I. Rojas, Khalid Barkaoui, Howard M. Relles, Gregor Srdoc, Kevin I. Collins, Sara Seager, Avi Shporer, Michael Vezie, Christina Hedges, and Ismael Mireles 
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520 |a We present the detection and characterization of TOI-4994b (TIC 277128619b), a warm Saturn-sized planet discovered by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-4994b transits a G-type star (V = 12.6 mag) with a mass, radius, and effective temperature of , , and Teff = 5640 ± 110 K. We obtained follow-up ground-based photometry from the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Antarctic Search for Transiting ExoPlanets telescopes, and we confirmed the planetary nature of TOI-4994b with multiple radial velocity observations from the Planet Finder Spectrograph, CHIRON, High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher, Fiber-fed Extended Range Optical Spectrograph, and CORALIE instruments. From a global fit to the photometry and radial velocities, we determine that TOI-4994b is in a 21.5 day eccentric orbit (e = 0.32 ± 0.04) and has a mass of , a radius of , and a Saturn-like bulk density of . We find that TOI-4994 is a potentially viable candidate for follow-up stellar obliquity measurements. TOI-4994b joins the small sample of warm Saturn analogs and thus sheds light on our understanding of these rare and unique worlds. 
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