Assessing spatiotemporal LST variations in urban landscapes using diurnal UAV thermography

This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of land surface temperature (LST) across five distinct land use/land cover (LULC) classes through high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) thermal remote sensing. Thermal orthomosaics were systematically captured at four diurnal periods (morni...

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Hauptverfasser: Polat, Nizar (VerfasserIn) , Memduhoğlu, Abdulkadir (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 21 March 2025
In: Applied Sciences
Year: 2025, Jahrgang: 15, Heft: 7, Pages: 1-23
ISSN:2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app15073448
Online-Zugang:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3390/app15073448
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/15/7/3448
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Verfasserangaben:Nizar Polat and Abdulkadir Memduhoğlu

MARC

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520 |a This study investigates the spatiotemporal dynamics of land surface temperature (LST) across five distinct land use/land cover (LULC) classes through high-resolution unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) thermal remote sensing. Thermal orthomosaics were systematically captured at four diurnal periods (morning, afternoon, evening, and midnight) over an urban university campus environment. Using stratified random sampling in each class with spatial controls to minimize autocorrelation, we quantified thermal signatures across bare soil, buildings, grassland, paved roads, and water bodies. Statistical analyses incorporating outlier management via the Interquartile Range (IQR) method, spatial autocorrelation assessment using Moran’s I, correlation testing, and Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) revealed substantial thermal variability across LULC classes, with temperature differentials of up to 17.7 °C between grassland (20.57 ± 5.13 °C) and water bodies (7.10 ± 1.25 °C) during afternoon periods. The Moran’s I analysis indicated notable spatial dependence in land surface temperature, justifying the use of GWR to model these spatial patterns. Impervious surfaces demonstrated pronounced heat retention capabilities, with paved roads maintaining elevated temperatures into evening (13.18 ± 3.49 °C) and midnight (2.25 ± 1.51 °C) periods despite ambient cooling. Water bodies exhibited exceptional thermal stability (SD range: 0.79-2.85 °C across all periods), while grasslands showed efficient nocturnal cooling (ΔT = 23.02 °C from afternoon to midnight). GWR models identified spatially heterogeneous relationships between LST patterns and LULC distribution, with water bodies exerting the strongest localized cooling influence (R2≈ 0.62-0.68 during morning/evening periods). The findings demonstrate that surface material properties significantly modulate diurnal heat flux dynamics, with human-made surfaces contributing to prolonged thermal loading. This research advances urban microclimate monitoring methodologies by integrating high-resolution UAV thermal imagery with robust statistical frameworks, providing empirically-grounded insights for climate-adaptive urban planning and heat mitigation strategies. Future work should incorporate multi-seasonal observations, in situ validation instrumentation, and integration with human thermal comfort indices. 
650 4 |a diurnal thermal variability 
650 4 |a geographically weighted regression 
650 4 |a land surface temperature 
650 4 |a land use/land cover classification 
650 4 |a thermal infrared imaging 
650 4 |a unmanned aerial vehicle 
650 4 |a urban heat island 
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