Pathologist-like explainable AI for interpretable Gleason grading in prostate cancer

The aggressiveness of prostate cancer is primarily assessed from histopathological data using the Gleason scoring system. Conventional artificial intelligence (AI) approaches can predict Gleason scores, but often lack explainability, which may limit clinical acceptance. Here, we present an alternati...

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Main Authors:	Mittmann, Gesa (Author) , Laiouar-Pedari, Sara (Author) , Mehrtens, Hendrik Alexander (Author) , Haggenmüller, Sarah (Author) , Bucher, Tabea-Clara (Author) , Chanda, Tirtha (Author) , Gaisa, Nadine T. (Author) , Wagner, Mathias (Author) , Klamminger, Gilbert Georg (Author) , Rau, Tilman T. (Author) , Neppl, Christina (Author) , Compérat, Eva Maria (Author) , Gocht, Andreas (Author) , Hämmerle, Monika (Author) , Rupp, Niels J. (Author) , Westhoff, Jula (Author) , Krücken, Irene (Author) , Seidl, Maximilian (Author) , Schürch, Christian M. (Author) , Bauer, Marcus (Author) , Solass, Wiebke (Author) , Tam, Yu Chun (Author) , Weber, Florian (Author) , Grobholz, Rainer (Author) , Augustyniak, Jaroslaw (Author) , Kalinski, Thomas (Author) , Hörner, Christian (Author) , Mertz, Kirsten D. (Author) , Döring, Constanze (Author) , Erbersdobler, Andreas (Author) , Deubler, Gabriele (Author) , Bremmer, Felix (Author) , Sommer, Ulrich (Author) , Brodhun, Michael (Author) , Griffin, Jon (Author) , Lenon, Maria Sarah L. (Author) , Trpkov, Kiril (Author) , Cheng, Liang (Author) , Chen, Fei (Author) , Levi, Angelique (Author) , Cai, Guoping (Author) , Nguyen, Tri Q. (Author) , Amin, Ali (Author) , Cimadamore, Alessia (Author) , Shabaik, Ahmed (Author) , Manucha, Varsha (Author) , Ahmad, Nazeel (Author) , Messias, Nidia (Author) , Sanguedolce, Francesca (Author) , Taheri, Diana (Author) , Baraban, Ezra (Author) , Jia, Liwei (Author) , Shah, Rajal B. (Author) , Siadat, Farshid (Author) , Swarbrick, Nicole (Author) , Park, Kyung (Author) , Hassan, Oudai (Author) , Sakhaie, Siamak (Author) , Downes, Michelle R. (Author) , Miyamoto, Hiroshi (Author) , Williamson, Sean R. (Author) , Holland-Letz, Tim (Author) , Wies, Christoph (Author) , Schneider, Carolin Victoria (Author) , Kather, Jakob Nikolas (Author) , Tolkach, Iurii (Author) , Brinker, Titus Josef (Author)
Format:	Article (Journal)
Language:	English
Published:	08 October 2025
In:	Nature Communications Year: 2025, Volume: 16, Pages: 1-17
ISSN:	2041-1723
DOI:	10.25673/121080
Online Access:	Resolving-System, kostenfrei: https://doi.org/10.25673/121080 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-64712-4 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-64712-4
Author Notes:	Gesa Mittmann, Sara Laiouar-Pedari, Hendrik A. Mehrtens, Sarah Haggenmüller, Tabea-Clara Bucher, Tirtha Chanda, Nadine T. Gaisa, Mathias Wagner, Gilbert Georg Klamminger, Tilman T. Rau, Christina Neppl, Eva Maria Compérat, Andreas Gocht, Monika Haemmerle, Niels J. Rupp, Jula Westhoff, Irene Krücken, Maximilian Seidl, Christian M. Schürch, Marcus Bauer, Wiebke Solass, Yu Chun Tam, Florian Weber, Rainer Grobholz, Jaroslaw Augustyniak, Thomas Kalinski, Christian Hörner, Kirsten D. Mertz, Constanze Döring, Andreas Erbersdobler, Gabriele Deubler, Felix Bremmer, Ulrich Sommer, Michael Brodhun, Jon Griffin, Maria Sarah L. Lenon, Kiril Trpkov, Liang Cheng, Fei Chen, Angelique Levi, Guoping Cai, Tri Q. Nguyen, Ali Amin, Alessia Cimadamore, Ahmed Shabaik, Varsha Manucha, Nazeel Ahmad, Nidia Messias, Francesca Sanguedolce, Diana Taheri, Ezra Baraban, Liwei Jia, Rajal B. Shah, Farshid Siadat, Nicole Swarbrick, Kyung Park, Oudai Hassan, Siamak Sakhaie, Michelle R. Downes, Hiroshi Miyamoto, Sean R. Williamson, Tim Holland-Letz, Christoph Wies, Carolin V. Schneider, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Yuri Tolkach & Titus J. Brinker