Distinct Arnica montana L. extracts modulate human T cell activation in different ways via differential inhibition of NFκB and NFAT pathways
Arnica montana L. (Arnica) has a long history of use in treating inflammation and soft tissue injury, yet its immunomodulatory mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of distinct Arnica extracts - derived from different plant parts (root or whole plant) and m...
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
15 October 2025
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| In: |
Frontiers in immunology
Year: 2025, Jahrgang: 16, Pages: 1-26 |
| ISSN: | 1664-3224 |
| DOI: | 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1655212 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1655212 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/immunology/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1655212/full 
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| Verfasserangaben: | Karina M. Berschneider, Bernhard Wetterauer, Carsten Sticht, Christian Orlik, Beate Jahraus, Henning Kirchgessner, Anastasiia Zuieva, Stefan Wölfl, Divya Lairikyengbam, Verena Beier, Guido Wabnitz, Pille Wetterauer, Michael Schmiech and Yvonne Samstag |
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| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Distinct Arnica montana L. extracts modulate human T cell activation in different ways via differential inhibition of NFκB and NFAT pathways |c Karina M. Berschneider, Bernhard Wetterauer, Carsten Sticht, Christian Orlik, Beate Jahraus, Henning Kirchgessner, Anastasiia Zuieva, Stefan Wölfl, Divya Lairikyengbam, Verena Beier, Guido Wabnitz, Pille Wetterauer, Michael Schmiech and Yvonne Samstag |
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| 520 | |a Arnica montana L. (Arnica) has a long history of use in treating inflammation and soft tissue injury, yet its immunomodulatory mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the effects of distinct Arnica extracts - derived from different plant parts (root or whole plant) and manufacturing processes - on primary human T cells. We also compared their effects with those of the pure compounds helenalin and thymol. All extracts inhibited T cell activation and proliferation. This could be traced back to reduced IL-2 responsiveness due to decreased CD25 (IL-2Rα chain) expression, accompanied by reduced IL-2 production. Transcriptomic analysis (nCounter) and gene set enrichment revealed that the extracts target key T cell receptor (TCR) signaling pathways. Mechanistically, the hydroethanolic root extract selectively inhibited NFκB DNA binding, while the aqueous fermented extract predominantly suppressed NFAT-dependent gene expression. The hydroethanolic whole plant extract exerted a moderate effect on both pathways. These findings identify Arnica extracts as promising modulators of human TCR signaling and support their potential in regulating T cell-driven inflammatory responses, with implications for muscle healing and chronic inflammatory diseases. | ||
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