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A GLUTAMATE CYSTEINE LIGASE gene StGSH1 regulated by StERF10 enhanced glutathione accumulation and adaptation to low phosphorus stress in potato

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a staple global food crop whose growth is constrained by soil phosphorus deficiency. While glutathione (GSH) modulates abiotic stress responses, its precise function and regulation in potato adaptation to low-phosphorus (LP) remains undefined. This study demonstrated...

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Main Authors: Tian, Xiaocheng (Author) , Li, Mingjun (Author) , Huang, Xiaojia (Author) , Wirtz, Markus (Author) , Zheng, Xiaohui (Author) , Fan, Shilong (Author) , Tian, Jiang (Author) , Liu, Shaoqun (Author) , Liu, Zhonghua (Author) , Zhao, Hongbo (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2025
In: Advanced science
Year: 2025, Pages: 1-17
ISSN:2198-3844
DOI:10.1002/advs.202509143
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202509143
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/advs.202509143
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Author Notes:Xiaocheng Tian, Mingjun Li, Xiaojia Huang, Markus Wirtz, Xiaohui Zheng, Shilong Fan, Jiang Tian, Shaoqun Liu, Zhonghua Liu, and Hongbo Zhao

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520 |a Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a staple global food crop whose growth is constrained by soil phosphorus deficiency. While glutathione (GSH) modulates abiotic stress responses, its precise function and regulation in potato adaptation to low-phosphorus (LP) remains undefined. This study demonstrated that LP triggers GSH accumulation by up-regulating GLUTAMATE-CYSTEINE LIGASE (StGSH1), the rate-limiting enzyme in GSH biosynthesis. Pharmacological inhibition using buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and exogenous GSH supplementation confirmed the essential role of GSH in LP adaptation. Confocal microscopy showed that StGSH1-GFP fusions localize to plastids in potato protoplasts. Overexpression and silencing of StGSH1 demonstrated that it maintained reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis and attenuated LP-induced damage. StGSH1 also coordinated membrane lipid remodeling by upregulating both phospholipid catabolic genes (StNPC/PLD) and sulfolipid anabolic genes (StSQD1/2), shifting lipid flux from phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG). Additionally, ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTOR 10 (StERF10) is identified as a direct transcriptional activator of StGSH1. BSO-mediated GSH depletion reduced the LP adaptation in StERF10-OE plants, whereas GSH supplementation rescued StERF10-RNAi plants, indicating StERF10 conferred LP adaptation largely through StGSH1-mediated GSH biosynthesis. Collectively, these findings establish the StERF10-StGSH1 module as a critical nexus connecting GSH biosynthesis to LP adaptation, providing a rational target for breeding varieties with enhanced phosphorus use efficiency. 
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