Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration: the Beijing eye study
Objective To assess the prevalence and associations of the detectability of the three-layer sign (TLS) in a general population, including individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or without any retinal disease. Methods Using OCT images running horizontally through the foveola of parti...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
19 September 2025
|
| In: |
Acta ophthalmologica
|
| ISSN: | 1755-3768 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/aos.70004 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.70004 Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/aos.70004 
|
| Author Notes: | Jost B. Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jie Xu, Rahul A. Jonas, Ya Xing Wang |
MARC
| LEADER | 00000caa a22000002c 4500 | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| 001 | 1951249984 | ||
| 003 | DE-627 | ||
| 005 | 20260209171819.0 | ||
| 007 | cr uuu---uuuuu | ||
| 008 | 260205s2025 xx |||||o 00| ||eng c | ||
| 024 | 7 | |a 10.1111/aos.70004 |2 doi | |
| 035 | |a (DE-627)1951249984 | ||
| 035 | |a (DE-599)KXP1951249984 | ||
| 040 | |a DE-627 |b ger |c DE-627 |e rda | ||
| 041 | |a eng | ||
| 084 | |a 33 |2 sdnb | ||
| 100 | 1 | |a Jonas, Jost B. |d 1958- |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1028286732 |0 (DE-627)730536823 |0 (DE-576)37578537X |4 aut | |
| 245 | 1 | 0 | |a Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration |b the Beijing eye study |c Jost B. Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jie Xu, Rahul A. Jonas, Ya Xing Wang |
| 264 | 1 | |c 19 September 2025 | |
| 300 | |b Illustrationen | ||
| 336 | |a Text |b txt |2 rdacontent | ||
| 337 | |a Computermedien |b c |2 rdamedia | ||
| 338 | |a Online-Ressource |b cr |2 rdacarrier | ||
| 500 | |a Gesehen am 05.02.2025 | ||
| 520 | |a Objective To assess the prevalence and associations of the detectability of the three-layer sign (TLS) in a general population, including individuals with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) or without any retinal disease. Methods Using OCT images running horizontally through the foveola of participants of the population-based Beijing Eye Study, we assessed the TLS detectability. We defined the TLS as the visibility of the ellipsoid zone (EZ), interdigitation zone and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)/Bruch's membrane line as separate units in the foveola on optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images. Results The study included 1566 eyes (age: 65.3 ± 9.8 years; axial length: 23.01 ± 0.93 mm; range: 19.90 mm-28.93 mm), randomly selected within each group of normal eyes (n = 592; 37.8%), eyes with early AMD (n = 700; 44.7%), intermediate AMD (n = 267; 17.0%), and late AMD (n = 7; 0.4%). In the normal group, TLS prevalence decreased with older age (OR: 0.93; p < 0.001), declining from 217/265 (81.9%) in the 50-59 years age group to 57/126 (45.2%) in individuals aged 70+ years. In the whole study cohort, TLS prevalence decreased (p < 0.001) from 389/592 (65.7%) in the normal group to 334/700 (47.7%), 66/267 (24.7%) and 0/7 (0%) in early AMD, intermediate AMD and late AMD, respectively. In multivariable analysis, higher TLS prevalence was associated with younger age (OR: 0.92; p < 0.001), female sex (OR: 1.65; p < 0.001), lower AMD stage (OR: 0.51; p < 0.001), better best-corrected visual acuity (OR: 0.42; p = 0.03), and lower prevalence of a flat retinal pigment epithelium elevation (OR: 0.68; p = 0.04). Conclusions The foveal TLS may be taken as a qualitative sign of the intactness of the deep layers of the fovea, with its prevalence decreasing with older age, higher AMD stage and worse best-corrected visual acuity. | ||
| 650 | 4 | |a age-related macular degeneration | |
| 650 | 4 | |a drusen | |
| 650 | 4 | |a hyperreflective intraretinal body | |
| 650 | 4 | |a localized retinal pigment epithelial thinning | |
| 650 | 4 | |a retinal photoreceptors | |
| 650 | 4 | |a retinal pigment epithelium | |
| 650 | 4 | |a three-layer sign | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1063684919 |0 (DE-627)812456769 |0 (DE-576)40694797X |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Xu, Jie |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Jonas, Rahul A. |e VerfasserIn |0 (DE-588)1149188863 |0 (DE-627)1009503022 |0 (DE-576)496597035 |4 aut | |
| 700 | 1 | |a Wang, Ya Xing |e VerfasserIn |4 aut | |
| 773 | 0 | 8 | |i Enthalten in |t Acta ophthalmologica |d Oxford : Blackwell, 2008 |g (2025), 9 Seiten |h Online-Ressource |w (DE-627)585797218 |w (DE-600)2466981-7 |w (DE-576)290238277 |x 1755-3768 |7 nnas |a Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration the Beijing eye study |
| 773 | 1 | 8 | |g year:2025 |a Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration the Beijing eye study |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.70004 |x Verlag |x Resolving-System |z kostenfrei |3 Volltext |7 0 |
| 856 | 4 | 0 | |u https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/aos.70004 |x Verlag |z kostenfrei |3 Volltext |7 0 |
| 951 | |a AR | ||
| 992 | |a 20260205 | ||
| 993 | |a Article | ||
| 994 | |a 2025 | ||
| 998 | |g 1063684919 |a Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra |m 1063684919:Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra |d 910000 |d 910900 |e 910000PP1063684919 |e 910900PP1063684919 |k 0/910000/ |k 1/910000/910900/ |p 2 | ||
| 999 | |a KXP-PPN1951249984 |e 4877218432 | ||
| BIB | |a Y | ||
| SER | |a journal | ||
| JSO | |a {"language":["eng"],"person":[{"given":"Jost B.","role":"aut","family":"Jonas","display":"Jonas, Jost B."},{"display":"Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra","family":"Panda-Jonas","role":"aut","given":"Songhomitra"},{"given":"Jie","role":"aut","family":"Xu","display":"Xu, Jie"},{"role":"aut","given":"Rahul A.","display":"Jonas, Rahul A.","family":"Jonas"},{"given":"Ya Xing","role":"aut","display":"Wang, Ya Xing","family":"Wang"}],"physDesc":[{"noteIll":"Illustrationen"}],"name":{"displayForm":["Jost B. Jonas, Songhomitra Panda-Jonas, Jie Xu, Rahul A. Jonas, Ya Xing Wang"]},"relHost":[{"type":{"bibl":"periodical","media":"Online-Ressource"},"disp":"Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration the Beijing eye studyActa ophthalmologica","title":[{"title_sort":"Acta ophthalmologica","subtitle":"the official journal of the Nordic Ophthalmological Societies","title":"Acta ophthalmologica"}],"note":["Gesehen am 25.03.22"],"origin":[{"dateIssuedKey":"2008","publisher":"Blackwell","dateIssuedDisp":"2008-","publisherPlace":"Oxford"}],"pubHistory":["86.2008 -"],"id":{"issn":["1755-3768"],"zdb":["2466981-7"],"doi":["10.1111/(ISSN)1755-3768"],"eki":["585797218"]},"recId":"585797218","physDesc":[{"extent":"Online-Ressource"}],"name":{"displayForm":["European Association for Vision and Eye Research"]},"corporate":[{"display":"European Association for Vision and Eye Research","role":"isb"}],"part":{"issue":"9 Seiten","text":"(2025), 9 Seiten","year":"2025"},"language":["eng"]}],"recId":"1951249984","id":{"eki":["1951249984"],"doi":["10.1111/aos.70004"]},"title":[{"title":"Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration","title_sort":"Prevalence and associations of the three-layer sign in age-related macular degeneration","subtitle":"the Beijing eye study"}],"origin":[{"dateIssuedKey":"2025","dateIssuedDisp":"19 September 2025"}],"note":["Gesehen am 05.02.2025"],"type":{"media":"Online-Ressource","bibl":"article-journal"}} | ||
| SRT | |a JONASJOSTBPREVALENCE1920 | ||