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Gut decisions based on the liver: prediction of colorectal neoplasia using AI-based liver analysis of routine CT scans

IntroductionNon-invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening offers an important opportunity to increase colonoscopy participation and reduce mortality. This study evaluates the potential of the gut-liver axis to predict colorectal neoplasia using artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis of the liv...

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Main Authors: Hinterberger, Anna (Author) , Bohn, Jonas (Author) , Trofimova, Darya (Author) , Knabe, Nicolas (Author) , Dettling, Julia (Author) , Norajitra, Tobias (Author) , Isensee, Fabian (Author) , Betge, Johannes (Author) , Schönberg, Stefan (Author) , Nörenberg, Dominik (Author) , Grosu, Sergio (Author) , Loges, Sonja (Author) , Floca, Ralf (Author) , Kather, Jakob Nikolas (Author) , Maier-Hein, Klaus H. (Author) , Grawe, Freba (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 03 June 2026
In: Frontiers in oncology
Year: 2026, Volume: 16, Pages: 1-10
ISSN:2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2026.1842743
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2026.1842743
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/oncology/articles/10.3389/fonc.2026.1842743/full
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Author Notes:Anna Hinterberger, Jonas Bohn, Darya Trofimova, Nicolas Knabe, Julia Dettling, Tobias Norajitra, Fabian Isensee, Johannes Betge, Stefan O. Schönberg, Dominik Nörenberg, Sergio Grosu, Sonja Loges, Ralf Floca, Jakob Nikolas Kather, Klaus Maier-Hein and Freba Grawe
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Summary:IntroductionNon-invasive colorectal cancer (CRC) screening offers an important opportunity to increase colonoscopy participation and reduce mortality. This study evaluates the potential of the gut-liver axis to predict colorectal neoplasia using artificial intelligence (AI)-based analysis of the liver in routine CT images as an opportunistic screening approach.MethodsIn this retrospective study, data from 1,997 patients were analyzed, including 1,189 without neoplasia and 808 with colorectal neoplasia (423 adenomas, 385 CRC). Radiomic features were extracted from three-dimensional liver segmentations, and the dataset was split into training (n = 1,397) and test (n = 600) cohorts. Five machine learning models were trained using five-fold cross-validation on the 20 most informative features.ResultsThe best-performing radiomics-based XGBoost model achieved a test AUROC of 0.810 (95% CI: 0.767-0.837), outperforming a clinical-only model (AUROC: 0.457). After threshold optimization, sensitivity reached 74.1% and specificity 72.3% for detecting colorectal neoplasia. Subclassification between CRC and adenoma was less accurate (AUROC: 0.674).DiscussionThese findings demonstrate that AI-based liver analysis from routine CT scans can predict colorectal neoplasia, supporting its potential as an accessible adjunct to CRC screening and highlighting the gut-liver axis as a novel biomarker source.
Item Description:Gesehen am 27.07.2026
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:2234-943X
DOI:10.3389/fonc.2026.1842743

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