Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of 396 individuals with mutations in Sonic Hedgehog

Background: Holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common malformation of the human forebrain, may result from mutations in over 12 genes. Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) was the first such gene discovered; mutations in SHH remain the most common cause of non-chromosomal HPE. The severity spectrum is wide, ranging...

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Hauptverfasser: Solomon, Benjamin (VerfasserIn) , Gaspar, Harald (VerfasserIn)
Dokumenttyp: Article (Journal)
Sprache:Englisch
Veröffentlicht: 11 July 2012
In: Journal of medical genetics
Year: 2012, Jahrgang: 49, Heft: 7, Pages: 473-479
ISSN:1468-6244
DOI:10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101008
Online-Zugang:Verlag, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jmedgenet-2012-101008
Verlag, Volltext: https://jmg.bmj.com/content/49/7/473
Volltext
Verfasserangaben:Benjamin D. Solomon, Kelly A. Bear, Adrian Wyllie, Amelia A. Keaton, Christele Dubourg, Veronique David, Sandra Mercier, Sylvie Odent, Ute Hehr, Aimee Paulussen, Nancy J. Clegg, Mauricio R. Delgado, Sherri J. Bale, Felicitas Lacbawan, Holly H. Ardinger, Arthur S. Aylsworth, Ntombenhle Louisa Bhengu, Stephen Braddock, Karen Brookhyser, Barbara Burton, Harald Gaspar, Art Grix, Dafne Horovitz, Erin Kanetzke, Hulya Kayserili, Dorit Lev, Sarah M. Nikkel, Mary Norton, Richard Roberts, Howard Saal, G.B. Schaefer, Adele Schneider, Erika K. Smith, Ellen Sowry, M. Anne Spence, Stavit A. Shalev, Carlos E. Steiner, Elizabeth M. Thompson, Thomas L. Winder, Joan Z. Balog, Donald W. Hadley, Nan Zhou, Daniel E. Pineda-Alvarez, Erich Roessler, Maximilian Muenke

MARC

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245 1 0 |a Genotypic and phenotypic analysis of 396 individuals with mutations in Sonic Hedgehog  |c Benjamin D. Solomon, Kelly A. Bear, Adrian Wyllie, Amelia A. Keaton, Christele Dubourg, Veronique David, Sandra Mercier, Sylvie Odent, Ute Hehr, Aimee Paulussen, Nancy J. Clegg, Mauricio R. Delgado, Sherri J. Bale, Felicitas Lacbawan, Holly H. Ardinger, Arthur S. Aylsworth, Ntombenhle Louisa Bhengu, Stephen Braddock, Karen Brookhyser, Barbara Burton, Harald Gaspar, Art Grix, Dafne Horovitz, Erin Kanetzke, Hulya Kayserili, Dorit Lev, Sarah M. Nikkel, Mary Norton, Richard Roberts, Howard Saal, G.B. Schaefer, Adele Schneider, Erika K. Smith, Ellen Sowry, M. Anne Spence, Stavit A. Shalev, Carlos E. Steiner, Elizabeth M. Thompson, Thomas L. Winder, Joan Z. Balog, Donald W. Hadley, Nan Zhou, Daniel E. Pineda-Alvarez, Erich Roessler, Maximilian Muenke 
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520 |a Background: Holoprosencephaly (HPE), the most common malformation of the human forebrain, may result from mutations in over 12 genes. Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) was the first such gene discovered; mutations in SHH remain the most common cause of non-chromosomal HPE. The severity spectrum is wide, ranging from incompatibility with extrauterine life to isolated midline facial differences. Objective: To characterise genetic and clinical findings in individuals with SHH mutations. Methods: Through the National Institutes of Health and collaborating centres, DNA from approximately 2000 individuals with HPE spectrum disorders were analysed for SHH variations. Clinical details were examined and combined with published cases. Results: This study describes 396 individuals, representing 157 unrelated kindreds, with SHH mutations; 141 (36%) have not been previously reported. SHH mutations more commonly resulted in non-HPE (64%) than frank HPE (36%), and non-HPE was significantly more common in patients with SHH than in those with mutations in the other common HPE related genes (p<0.0001 compared to ZIC2 or SIX3). Individuals with truncating mutations were significantly more likely to have frank HPE than those with non-truncating mutations (49% vs 35%, respectively; p=0.012). While mutations were significantly more common in the N-terminus than in the C-terminus (including accounting for the relative size of the coding regions, p=0.00010), no specific genotype―phenotype correlations could be established regarding mutation location. Conclusions: SHH mutations overall result in milder disease than mutations in other common HPE related genes. HPE is more frequent in individuals with truncating mutations, but clinical predictions at the individual level remain elusive. 
650 4 |a academic medicine 
650 4 |a adrenal disorders 
650 4 |a aneuploidy 
650 4 |a anterior segment disease 
650 4 |a cancer: breast 
650 4 |a cancer: CNS 
650 4 |a chromosomal 
650 4 |a clinical genetics 
650 4 |a complex traits 
650 4 |a congenital heart disease 
650 4 |a cytogenetics 
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650 4 |a ethics 
650 4 |a genetic screening/counselling 
650 4 |a genetics 
650 4 |a genome-wide 
650 4 |a guidelines 
650 4 |a Holoprosencephaly 
650 4 |a molecular genetics 
650 4 |a neurosciences 
650 4 |a SHH 
650 4 |a Sonic Hedgehog 
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