Metamemory in schizophrenia: retrospective confidence ratings interact with neurocognitive deficits
Prior studies with schizophrenia patients described a reduced ability to discriminate between correct and false memories in terms of confidence compared to control groups. This metamemory bias has been associated with the emergence and maintenance of delusions. The relation to neuropsychological per...
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| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
28 February 2015
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| In: |
Psychiatry research
Year: 2015, Volume: 225, Issue: 3, Pages: 596-603 |
| ISSN: | 1872-7123 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.040 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.040 Verlag, Volltext: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178114009329 
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| Author Notes: | Sarah Eifler, Franziska Rausch, Frederike Schirmbeck, Ruth Veckenstedt, Daniela Mier, Christine Esslinger, Susanne Englisch, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Peter Kirsch, Mathias Zink |
| Summary: | Prior studies with schizophrenia patients described a reduced ability to discriminate between correct and false memories in terms of confidence compared to control groups. This metamemory bias has been associated with the emergence and maintenance of delusions. The relation to neuropsychological performance and other clinical dimensions is incompletely understood. In a cross-sectional study, metamemory functioning was explored in 32 schizophrenia patients and 25 healthy controls. Metamemory was assessed using a verbal recognition task combined with retrospective confidence level ratings. Associations of metamemory performance with six neuropsychological domains (executive functioning/problem solving, speed of processing, working memory, verbal and visual learning, and attention/vigilance) and psychopathological measures were analyzed. Results revealed a significantly smaller discrepancy between confidence ratings for correct and incorrect recognitions in the patient group. Furthermore, patients showed significantly lower recognition accuracy in the metamemory task and marked deficits in all neuropsychological domains. Across all participants, metamemory performance significantly correlated with executive functioning and working memory. No associations with delusions were found. This data confirms prior findings of metamemory biases in schizophrenia. Selective neuropsychological abilities seem to be modulating factors of metamemory functioning. Longitudinal studies in at risk mental state and first-episode patients are needed to reveal causal interrelations. |
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| Item Description: | Gesehen am 20.11.2018 Available online 2 December 2014 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1872-7123 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.040 |