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Pharmacologic rescue of hyperammonemia-induced toxicity in zebrafish by inhibition of ornithine aminotransferase

Hyperammonemia is the common biochemical hallmark of urea cycle disorders, activating neurotoxic pathways. If untreated, affected individuals have a high risk of irreversible brain damage and mortality. Here we show that acute hyperammonemia strongly enhances transamination-dependent formation of os...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Zielonka, Matthias (Author) , Breuer, Maximilian (Author) , Okun, Jürgen G. (Author) , Carl, Matthias (Author) , Hoffmann, Georg F. (Author) , Kölker, Stefan (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: September 10, 2018
In: PLOS ONE
Year: 2018, Volume: 13, Issue: 9
ISSN:1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0203707
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0203707
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0203707
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Author Notes:Matthias Zielonka, Maximilian Breuer, Jürgen Günther Okun, Matthias Carl, Georg Friedrich Hoffmann, Stefan Kölker
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Summary:Hyperammonemia is the common biochemical hallmark of urea cycle disorders, activating neurotoxic pathways. If untreated, affected individuals have a high risk of irreversible brain damage and mortality. Here we show that acute hyperammonemia strongly enhances transamination-dependent formation of osmolytic glutamine and excitatory glutamate, thereby inducing neurotoxicity and death in ammoniotelic zebrafish larvae via synergistically acting overactivation of NMDA receptors and bioenergetic impairment induced by depletion of 2-oxoglutarate. Intriguingly, specific and irreversible inhibition of ornithine aminotransferase (OAT) by 5-fluoromethylornithine rescues zebrafish from lethal concentrations of ammonium acetate and corrects hyperammonemia-induced biochemical alterations. Thus, OAT inhibition is a promising and effective therapeutic approach for preventing neurotoxicity and mortality in acute hyperammonemia.
Item Description:Gesehen am 17.12.2018
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1932-6203
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0203707

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