Delay discounting and response disinhibition under acute experimental stress in women with borderline personality disorder and adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Background - Impulsivity is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In BPD, impulsive behavior primarily occurs under acute stress; impulse control deficits under non-stress conditions may be partly related to co-morbid ADHD. We ai...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
30 August 2016
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| In: |
Psychological medicine
Year: 2016, Volume: 46, Issue: 15, Pages: 3137-3149 |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/S0033291716001677 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716001677 Verlag, Volltext: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/psychological-medicine/article/delay-discounting-and-response-disinhibition-under-acute-experimental-stress-in-women-with-borderline-personality-disorder-and-adult-attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/8A6A3D26A7779C2AE27A661A95EEAE0C 
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| Author Notes: | A. Krause-Utz, S. Cackowski, S. Daffner, Esther Sobanski, Michael M. Plichta, M. Bohus, G. Ende and C. Schmahl |
| Summary: | Background - Impulsivity is a core feature of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In BPD, impulsive behavior primarily occurs under acute stress; impulse control deficits under non-stress conditions may be partly related to co-morbid ADHD. We aimed to investigate whether acute experimental stress has an impact on self-reported impulsivity, response inhibition (action withholding, action cancelation) and delay discounting in BPD compared to ADHD. - - - Method - Thirty female BPD patients, 28 female ADHD patients (excluding patients with co-morbid BPD and ADHD), and 30 female healthy controls (HC) completed self-reports and behavioral measures of impulsivity (IMT, assessing action withholding; GoStop, measuring action cancelation, Delay Discounting Task) under baseline conditions and after an experimental stress induction (Mannheim Multicomponent Stress Test). - - - Results - Both patient groups reported higher impulsivity than HC, ADHD reported higher trait impulsivity than BPD. On the IMT, ADHD showed significant action-withholding deficits under both conditions, while BPD performed significantly worse than HC under stress. In BPD but not ADHD and HC, action-withholding deficits (IMT) were significantly increased under stress compared to baseline, while no group/stress effects were found for action cancelation (GoStop). Delay discounting was significantly more pronounced in BPD than in HC (no stress effect was found). - - - Conclusions - In BPD, behavioral deficits in action withholding (but not in action cancelation) appear to be influenced by acute experimental stress. Delay discounting seems to be a general feature of BPD, independent of co-morbid ADHD and acute stress, possibly underlying typical expressions of behavioral impulsivity in the disorder. |
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| Item Description: | Gesehen am 29.05.2019 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 |
| DOI: | 10.1017/S0033291716001677 |