Posterior staphyloma in pathologic myopia
A posterior staphyloma is an outpouching of a circumscribed region of the posterior fundus and has been considered a hallmark of pathologic myopia. Occurring in highly myopic eyes, it is histologically characterized by a relatively abrupt scleral thinning starting at the staphyloma edge, a pronounce...
Gespeichert in:
| Hauptverfasser: | , |
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| Dokumenttyp: | Article (Journal) |
| Sprache: | Englisch |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2019
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| In: |
Progress in retinal and eye research
Year: 2018, Jahrgang: 70, Pages: 99-109 |
| ISSN: | 1873-1635 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.12.001 |
| Online-Zugang: | Verlag, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.12.001
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| Verfasserangaben: | Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Jost B. Jonas |
| Zusammenfassung: | A posterior staphyloma is an outpouching of a circumscribed region of the posterior fundus and has been considered a hallmark of pathologic myopia. Occurring in highly myopic eyes, it is histologically characterized by a relatively abrupt scleral thinning starting at the staphyloma edge, a pronounced de-arrangement of scleral collagen fibrils and a marked choroidal thinning, which is the most marked at the staphyloma edge and which occurs in addition to the axial elongation-associated choroidal thinning. Besides in highly myopic eyes, a posterior staphyloma can be found in non-highly myopic eyes in association with retinitis pigmentosa or localized defects of Bruch's membrane in the cases of which it is not associated with a marked choroidal thinning. The diagnosis of posterior staphylomas is considered best made by wide-field optical coherence tomography, because wide-field optical coherence tomography encompasses the entire extent of the most predominant type of staphylomas (i.e., the wide macular type) and since it also has a sufficiently high resolution of images (in contrast to ultrasonography, computed tomography and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging). While the etiology of posterior staphylomas has remained unclear, local choroidal factors and a locally decreased biomechanical resistance of the sclera against a posteriorly expanding Bruch's membrane have been one of the assumed pathogenic parameters. For the therapy of staphylomas, scleral reinforcement strategies such as by posterior encircling bands, posterior scleral collagen cross-linking or scleral regeneration have been discussed or performed, however, with the pathogenesis being elusive, the therapy of staphylomas has remained undetermined. |
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| Beschreibung: | Available online: 8 December 2018 Gesehen am 19.08.2019 |
| Beschreibung: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 1873-1635 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2018.12.001 |