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Neurocognitive deficits and effects of cognitive reserve in mild cognitive impairment

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a frequent syndrome in the older population, which involves an increased risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The latter can be modified by the cognitive reserve, which can be operationalized by the l...

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Main Authors: Andrejeva, Nadeshda (Author) , Knebel, Maren (Author) , Santos, Vasco dos (Author) , Schmidt, Janna (Author) , Herold, Christina (Author) , Tudoran, Ruxandra (Author) , Wetzel, Petra (Author) , Wendelstein, Britta (Author) , Meyer-Kühling, Inga (Author) , Navratil, Sabrina (Author) , Gorenc-Mahmutaj, Lina Sidonija (Author) , Rosenbaum, Gerd (Author) , Pantel, Johannes (Author) , Schröder, Johannes (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: April 19, 2016
In: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders
Year: 2016, Volume: 41, Issue: 3/4, Pages: 199-209
ISSN:1421-9824
DOI:10.1159/000443791
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1159/000443791
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/443791
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Author Notes:Nadeshda Andrejeva, Maren Knebel, Vasco Dos Santos, Janna Schmidt, Christina Josefa Herold, Ruxandra Tudoran, Petra Wetzel, Britta Wendelstein, Inga Meyer-Kühling, Sabrina Dominique Navratil, Lina Gorenc-Mahmutaj, Gerd Rosenbaum, Johannes Pantel, Johannes Schröder
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Summary:<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a frequent syndrome in the older population, which involves an increased risk to develop Alzheimer's disease (AD). The latter can be modified by the cognitive reserve, which can be operationalized by the length of school education. MCI can be differentiated into four subtypes according to the cognitive domains involved: amnestic MCI, multiple-domain amnestic MCI, non-amnestic MCI and multiple-domain non-amnestic MCI. While neurocognitive deficits are a constituent of the diagnosis of these subtypes, the question of how they refer to the cognitive reserve still needs to be clarified. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We examined neuropsychological deficits in healthy controls, patients with MCI and patients with mild AD (n = 485) derived from a memory clinic. To reduce the number of neuropsychological variables, a factor analysis with varimax rotation was calculated. In a second step, diagnostic groups including MCI subtypes were compared with respect to their clinical and neuropsychological characteristics including cognitive reserve. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Most MCI patients showed the amnestic multiple-domain subtype followed by the pure amnestic subtype, while the non-amnestic subtypes were rare. The amnestic subtype displayed a significantly higher level of cognitive reserve and higher MMSE scores than the amnestic multiple-domain subtype, which was in most cases characterized by additional psychomotor and executive deficits. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> These findings confirm earlier reports revealing that the amnestic multiple-domain subtype is the most frequent one and indicating that a high cognitive reserve may primarily prevent psychomotor and executive deficits in MCI.
Item Description:Gesehen am 17.08.2020
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1421-9824
DOI:10.1159/000443791

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