L-arginine modulates neonatal leukocyte recruitment in a gestational age-dependent manner
(1) Background: L-arginine is a complex modulator of immune functions, and its levels are known to decrease under septic conditions. L-arginine may suppress leukocyte recruitment in vivo; however, little is known about the gestational age-specific effects of L-arginine on leukocyte recruitment in pr...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article (Journal) |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
27 August 2020
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| In: |
Journal of Clinical Medicine
Year: 2020, Volume: 9, Issue: 9 |
| ISSN: | 2077-0383 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/jcm9092772 |
| Online Access: | Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9092772 Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/9/2772 
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| Author Notes: | Raphaela Fitterer, Trim Lajqi, Simon Alexander Kranig, Maylis Braun, Nicole Theissig, Navina Kuss, Johannes Pöschl, David Frommhold and Hannes Hudalla |
| Summary: | (1) Background: L-arginine is a complex modulator of immune functions, and its levels are known to decrease under septic conditions. L-arginine may suppress leukocyte recruitment in vivo; however, little is known about the gestational age-specific effects of L-arginine on leukocyte recruitment in preterm infants. We now asked whether L-arginine alters leukocyte recruitment in preterm and term neonates. (2) Methods: Leukocytes were isolated from preterm (28 + 0 to 32 + 6 weeks of gestation) and term (>37 weeks of gestation) newborns as well as from healthy adults. After incubation with 10 µg/mL L-arginine, we assessed leukocyte rolling and adhesion in dynamic microflow chamber experiments and leukocyte transmigration in fluorescence assays. In addition, we measured the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and Arginase 1 (Arg-1) in neutrophils by flow cytometry. (3) Results: Leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and transmigration increased with gestational age. Leukocyte rolling, adhesion, and transmigration were decreased by L-arginine in term-born infants and adults. Preterm leukocytes showed no change in recruitment upon L-arginine exposure. Leukocyte adhesion after L-arginine exposure reached similar levels among all groups. In line, the expression of iNOS and Arg-1 was similar in all three age groups. (4) Conclusion: L-arginine dampens the ex vivo recruitment capacity of leukocytes from term-born infants, whereas no effect was seen in premature infants. As levels of iNOS and Arg-1 in neutrophils remain ontogenetically unchanged, the anti-inflammatory effect of L-arginine on the leukocyte recruitment cascade needs further investigation. These results add to the controversial debate of L-arginine supplementation in premature infants in sepsis. |
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| Item Description: | Gesehen am 19.11.2020 |
| Physical Description: | Online Resource |
| ISSN: | 2077-0383 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/jcm9092772 |