Laquinimod dampens IL-1β signaling and Th17-polarizing capacity of monocytes in patients with MS

Objective To assess the impact of laquinimod treatment on monocytes and to investigate the underlying immunomodulatory mechanisms in MS. - Methods In this cross-sectional study, we performed in vivo and in vitro analyses of cluster of differentiation (CD14+) monocytes isolated from healthy donors (n...

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Main Authors: Engel, Sinah (Author) , Jolivel, Valérie (Author) , Kraus, Stefan H.-P. (Author) , Zayoud, Morad (Author) , Rosenfeld, Karolina (Author) , Tumani, Hayrettin (Author) , Furlan, Roberto (Author) , Kurschus, Florian (Author) , Waisman, Ari (Author) , Luessi, Felix (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 2021
In: Neurology: Neuroimmunology & Neuroinflammation ; official journal of the American Academy of Neurology
Year: 2020, Volume: 8, Issue: 1, Pages: 1-10
ISSN:2332-7812
DOI:10.1212/NXI.0000000000000908
Online Access:Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1212/NXI.0000000000000908
Verlag, lizenzpflichtig, Volltext: https://nn.neurology.org/content/8/1/e908
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Author Notes:Sinah Engel, MD, Valérie Jolivel, PhD, Stefan H.-P. Kraus, PhD, Morad Zayoud, MD, Karolina Rosenfeld, Hayrettin Tumani, MD, Roberto Furlan, MD, PhD, Florian C. Kurschus, PhD, Ari Waisman, PhD, and Felix Luessi, MD

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245 1 0 |a Laquinimod dampens IL-1β signaling and Th17-polarizing capacity of monocytes in patients with MS  |c Sinah Engel, MD, Valérie Jolivel, PhD, Stefan H.-P. Kraus, PhD, Morad Zayoud, MD, Karolina Rosenfeld, Hayrettin Tumani, MD, Roberto Furlan, MD, PhD, Florian C. Kurschus, PhD, Ari Waisman, PhD, and Felix Luessi, MD 
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520 |a Objective To assess the impact of laquinimod treatment on monocytes and to investigate the underlying immunomodulatory mechanisms in MS. - Methods In this cross-sectional study, we performed in vivo and in vitro analyses of cluster of differentiation (CD14+) monocytes isolated from healthy donors (n = 15), untreated (n = 13), and laquinimod-treated patients with MS (n = 14). Their frequency and the expression of surface activation markers were assessed by flow cytometry and the viability by calcein staining. Cytokine concentrations in the supernatants of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated monocytes were determined by flow cytometry. The messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression level of genes involved in cytokine expression was measured by quantitative PCR. The LPS-mediated nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B-cell (NF-κB) activation was determined by the quantification of the phosphorylation level of the p65 subunit. Laquinimod-treated monocytes were cocultured with CD4+ T cells, and the resulting cytokine production was analyzed by flow cytometry after intracellular cytokine staining. The interleukin (IL)-17A concentration of the supernatant was assessed by ELISA. - Results Laquinimod did not alter the frequency or viability of circulating monocytes, but led to an upregulation of CD86 expression. LPS-stimulated monocytes of laquinimod-treated patients with MS secreted less IL-1β following a downregulation of IL-1β gene expression. Phosphorylation levels of the NF-κB p65 subunit were reduced after laquinimod treatment, indicating a laquinimod-associated inhibition of the NF-κB pathway. T cells primed with laquinimod-treated monocytes differentiated significantly less into IL-17A-producing T helper (Th)-17 cells. - Conclusions Our findings suggest that inhibited NF-κB signaling and downregulation of IL-1β expression in monocytes contributes to the immunomodulatory effects of laquinimod and that the impairment of Th17 polarization might mediate its disease-modifying activity in MS. 
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