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A history of violence: magma incubation, timing and tephra distribution of the Los Chocoyos supereruption (Atitlán Caldera, Guatemala)

The climactic Los Chocoyos (LCY) eruption from Atitlán caldera (Guatemala) is a key chronostratigraphic marker for the Quaternary period given the extensive distribution of its deposits that reached both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Despite LCY tephra being an important marker horizon, a radioi...

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Main Authors: Cisneros de León, Alejandro (Author) , Schindlbeck, Julie Christin (Author) , Kutterolf, Steffen (Author) , Danišík, Martin (Author) , Schmitt, Axel Karl (Author) , Freundt, Armin (Author) , Pérez, Wendy (Author) , Harvey, Janet C. (Author) , Wang, Kuo-Lung (Author) , Lee, Hao-Yang (Author)
Format: Article (Journal)
Language:English
Published: 11 January 2021
In: Journal of quaternary science
Year: 2021, Volume: 36, Issue: 2, Pages: 169-179
ISSN:1099-1417
DOI:10.1002/jqs.3265
Online Access:Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3265
Verlag, kostenfrei, Volltext: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jqs.3265
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Author Notes:Alejandro Cisneros de León, Julie C. Schindlbeck-Belo, Steffen Kutterolf, Martin Danišík, Axel K. Schmitt, Armin Freundt, Wendy Pérez, Janet C. Harvey, Kuo-Lung Wang, and Hao-Yang Lee
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Summary:The climactic Los Chocoyos (LCY) eruption from Atitlán caldera (Guatemala) is a key chronostratigraphic marker for the Quaternary period given the extensive distribution of its deposits that reached both the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. Despite LCY tephra being an important marker horizon, a radioisotopic age for this eruption has remained elusive. Using zircon (U-Th)/He geochronology, we present the first radioisotopically determined eruption age for the LCY of 75 ± 2 ka. Additionally, the youngest zircon crystallization 238U-230Th rim ages in their respective samples constrain eruption age maxima for two other tephra units that erupted from Atitlán caldera, W-Fall (130 +16/−14 ka) and I-Fall eruptions (56 +8.2/−7.7 ka), which under- and overlie LCY tephra, respectively. Moreover, rim and interior zircon dating and glass chemistry suggest that before eruption silicic magma was stored for >80 kyr, with magma accumulation peaking within ca. 35 kyr before the LCY eruption during which the system may have developed into a vertically zoned magma chamber. Based on an updated distribution of LCY pyroclastic deposits, a new conservatively estimated volume of 1220 ± 150 km3 is obtained (volcanic explosivity index VEI > 8), which confirms the LCY eruption as the first-ever recognized supereruption in Central America.
Item Description:Gesehen am 30.06.2021
Physical Description:Online Resource
ISSN:1099-1417
DOI:10.1002/jqs.3265

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